NOUNS
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Ann : I can't understand why steel is so important in constructions.
It's very heavy
Polly : But that's one of its great advantage.
Ann : ______ .
Polly : It's also strong enough especially for the buildings in an earthquake area.
A) Really? What’s another?
B) What are some of its uses?
C) But is it too expensive?
D) But why is it an advantage?
E) Cost wise, is it economical?
Political parties are (17)_____ and run by people who have the same ideas on governing a country. They (18)_____ meetings and work to get their leaders and representatives elected. In a (19)_____ country, any group of people can form a party. In the US there are two big parties, the Democrats and the Republicans. In Britain the (20)_____ parties are the Conservatives and the Labor Party, (21)_____ two smaller parties, the Liberal Democrats and the Green Party.
21. A) in B) with C)by D) of E) about
The consequences would be detrimental ____ for Mexico_____ for the United States.
A) neither / nor
B) as / as
C) so / that
D) not only / but also
E) both / and
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
According to the passage, the combined federal and state taxes on gas in the US ------.
A) have exceeded those currently in use in Europe
B) are so high that they have forced Japanese car manufacturers to change their production strategies
C) have become a major public concern
D) have suddenly caused fuel prices to rise sharply
E) amount too much less than the tax paid in Japan
The USA is a land of immigrants. Between 1815
and 1914, the world (17) ____ the greatest peaceful
migration in its history: 35 million people, 18) ----
Europeans, left their homelands (19) ____ new lives
in America. Many people risked (20) ____ by leaving
their homes since the old world (21) ____ them. The
major cause of the exodus among European people
was the rise in population which led to “land
hunger.”
21.
A) disappointed
B) has disappointed
C) had disappointed
D) would disappoint
E) used to disappoint
Industry is slowly realising that the manner in which waste products are being ____ of is of vital importance to the environment.
A) disposed
B) exposed
C) composed
D) forwarded
E) restored
Fred :- Have you read this article on the economies of the Middle Eastern countries?
Mike :- No, not yet. Anything interesting in it?
Fred :- ----Mike :- That’s to be expected. After all,
A) Well,
increased international tension.
B) To my surprise, 50% of
from its oil exports.
C) Clearly, the global economy is suffering heavily
from the current
D) Just one point: every day, the world spends
around $5.5 billion at current price levels on
crude oil purchases.
E) It seems that
become the primary markets for the Middle
East’s oil and gas.
One could infer from the passage that ----.
A) the Winter Palace is the only part of the museum that houses art
B) it is impossible to see all the works of art in the Hermitage because it is too big
C) some visitors may go to the Hermitage just to see the Winter Palace
D) visitors should visit the Hermitage in the winter when the Winter Palace is at its finest
E) soon after it was built, the Winter Palace was turned into a museum
The wealth ____ program was first introduced in 2008 in a bid to attract more foreign capital to the country.
A) completion
B) allusion
C) apathy
D) amnesty
E) issue
In recent years, remarkable changes have been witnessed in the musical world in the country. A new kind of music emerged out of materials already existed such as arabesque, pop music and folk music. During this period, technology enabled all the musical groups and the singers to start using the full range of electronic facilities. Technology did, in fact, make it possible for them to produce both audio and video cassettes in great numbers and to sell them at reasonable prices. With the increase in private TVs and radios, the new music has reached almost everyone achieved a “total effect” on the millions and now there are active audiences completely involved in this kind of music, feeling it in all their senses.
53 . One can understand from the passage that ___.
A) people mostly like pop music instead of classical one.
B) music bands are becoming more familiar
C) electronic is an important facility in singing
D) reasonable prices is very attractive for people
E) a new kind of music appeared in the country lately
Nearly fifteen years after South Africa’s democratic overthrow of apartheid, the country is facing growing (17) ---- over the rise of “economic apartheid” and the way it (18) ---- millions of South Africans in the same,if not a worsening economic position than they endured prior to 1994. (19) ---- South African government statistics, the average black household has become 15% poorer over the last fourteen years, while an average white household has seen its wealth grow (20) ---- some 19%. There has been a 20% decrease in the income of the poorest 50% of South Africans, and black South Africans have lost
(21) ---- two million jobs over the same period.
20.
A) through B) for C) in
D) with E) by
The editorial ____ has decided to bring out new editions of the old classics.
A) display
B) chair
C) card
D) panel
E) board
Such a consideration should never betreated as a reason for either supporting or opposing a ______ for political office.
A) obsession B) debate
C) emission D) candidate
E) issue
(21)---- there are dozens of indigenous languages spoken throughout South America, this is, with the (22)---- of Portuguese-speaking Brazil, a Spanishspeaking continent. However, the Spanish one hears in South America does not always conform (23)----what one has learned in the classroom or heard on a cassette, and even competent Spanish-speakers find it takes a bit of getting used to. (24)---- the odd differences in pronunciation, words from native languages as well as various European languages (25)---- the different dialects of South American Spanish, giving them each their own unique character.
21.
A) If B) Although C) When
D) Whereas E) Just as
The tidal acceleration is the differential acceleration between two points ______ the difference in gravitational acceleration caused by their differing distances from a body.
A) in spite of B) due to C) thus
D) hence E) however
The success of the ___ in the bitterly global market will depend on its ability to keep costs low.
A) conformity
B) corporation
C) consumption
D) contamination
E) constraint
I think we should ____ deciding about this until next year.
A) define
B) degenerate
C) delegate
D) degrade
E) delay
In the recent years, sediment cores drilled from the ocean floor have revealed ...............
A) it is likely that humans release comparable amounts of carbon dioxide over the next few hundred years
B) that the emission of nearly 4500 gig tons of carbon into the atmosphere led to the recent catastrophic global warming
C) and the resulting acidification of the oceans lasted more than 100,000 years
D) it serves as a warning and backs up computer models that have predicted similar long-lasting effects
E) that is feared to be the next natural disaster in the world
If there had bee no one to encourage her and feed her ego at this time, -----.
A) she might well have give up writing altogether
B) the critics were indeed merciless
C) Even her best novels attracted little attention
D) Like many of her friendships, this one was short-lived
E) She has not been able to repeat the success
(I) Whisky began to be marketed commercially in the middle of the nineteenth century. (II) By enlarging and modernizing its distilleries, Scotland was able to dominate the market in Europe and America. (III) Up until then, production had been divided between a few official distilleries and many much smaller, illicit ones, whose produce was almost exclusively for local consumption. (IV) The development of reliable transport systems-particularly trains-during the Industrial Revolution meant whisky could travel further a field. (V) And, a few Scottish and Irish traders seized the opportunity to begin exporting their output.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Mary : Have you ever seen a coloured diamond?
Susan : Only in advertisement designed to attract the attention of the ultra rich.
Mary : -----
Susan : No, I didn't. But that's a good reason for not wanting one!
A) Australia's most prolific diamond mine is the Argyll one.
B) Did you know that blue ones are rare than pink?
C) Did you realize that of the diamonds mined only a very small percent are of jewellery grade?
D) Did you know that colour in a diamond is due to a slight fault occurring in the development?
E) Prices have risen by over 25%over the past year.
Jane : What were you doing all day? I kept phoning but you were never in your office.
Neil : -----
Jane : Was that really essential?
Neil : It certainly was. Morale and the company spirit both have a bearing on productivity.
A) The morning was taken up with meetings. And there was a staff party in the afternoon that I had to attend.
B) I spent most of the day in the factory; we are reorganizing the assembly line.
C) I wasn't out all that much, but I did have to go to the bank.
D) What did you want me for, anyway?
E) Meetings! Most of them related to the installation of the new boiler. l have doubts about the reliability of the contractors.
Ever since universities have existed there have been arguments about what books should be taught to students ......... Others have maintained that such a practice does not help students to distinguish between the good and the bad. Instead, they have suggested that students should be exposed to a wider range of writing.
A) Some have acquired that students should be introduced to the ‘great’ books of he world
B) In fact, university authorities have always concerned themselves with this problem
C) This is not to say that all students should read the same books
D) The decision taken was that we limit ourselves to the world classics
E) The problem was heatedly debated right through the 1950s
The principle can furnish us with the set of independent equations ______ .
A) in which furnishes the equilibrium equations
B) which guarantees equilibrium
C) as a virtual displacement is a hypothetical displacement
D) as external virtual work may easily be written
E) this is a necessary condition for equilibrium
In the case of opera, the benefits of being able to experience the whole production from the comfort of your armchairs are very _____ .
A) deliberate
B) demonstrative
C) subtle
D) excessive
E) attractive
Researchers disagree ______ whether a large ocean ever existed on Mars, but one thing is certain: Martian geology is turning ______ to be strange and complex.
A) of / round
B) in / over
C) for / up
D) on / out
E) about / in
Profits will be probably ___ by as much as 50 percent again this year.
A) dreaded
B) dropped
C) driven
D) drawn
E) drilled
The regional economy has been reorganized ___ distribute tasks and responsibilities equitably.
A) so as to B) because
C) in case D) however
E) besides
The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) will soon be testing a controversial theory about the collapse of the World Trade Center towers. According to an analysis by a loading fire-safety expert, had the fire-proofing insulation on the towers' steel structures been thicker, the towers would have survived longer and might even have remained standing after they were hit by the hijacked planes. The work is being seized on by lawyers representing victims' families and insurance companies. If confirmed, it could also lead to changes in building codes. NIST is responsible for drawing up the final report on the towers' collapses and recommending if any changes are needed. It is widely accepted that the collapses were caused by the failure of the buildings' steel structure as it was weakened by the heat of the fires.
It is clear from the passage that —.
A) the strength of the steel structure of the towers had been questioned when the designs were drawn up
B) NIST has already made a thorough study of the collapse of the towers
C) the reason for the sudden collapse of the two towers is still under debate
D) the structure of the twin towers was in many respects well below standard
E) the hijacked planes hit the weakest parts of the twin towers
In Britain today every household with a TV set must, by law, pay for a licence, which costs about the same for a year as a popular newspaper every day. A few people, including those with non- colour TV pay less ......... Another important source is the selling of its productions to other broadcasting stations.
A) the BBC enjoyed a monopoly until 1954
B) unlike the press, the BBC has rarely been accused of being partial
C) the new payments are mainly compulsory subscription to the BBC, which derives nearly all of its funds from this source.
D) news programmes and films still attract the largest audiences
E) since the 1970s most British households have had TV sets able to receive channels
Powerful political leaders have been bitterly complaining about the fact that what they perceive as a display of unfair attitudes and invasions of privacy are being carried out by opponent groups.
A) Haksız tutumların sergilenmesi ve mahremiyetin ihlali gibi konuların muhalif liderler tarafından ortaya atılması güçlü siyasi liderleri büyük ölçüde rahatsız etmektedir.
B) Güçlü siyasi liderler, haksız tutumların sergilenmesi ve mahremiyetin ihlali olarak algıladıkları şeylerin muhalif gruplar tarafından gerçekleştirilmesinden şiddetle yakınmaktadırlar.
C) Güçlü siyasi liderler, muhalif olarak gördükleri grupların haksız tutum sergilemesi ve mahremiyeti ihlal etmesinden oldukça çok şikâyet etmektedirler.
D) Muhalif grupların haksız tutumları açığa vurması ve mahremiyeti ihlal etmesi, güçlü siyasi liderlerin büyük ölçüde yakındığı durumlardandır.
E) Güçlü siyasi liderler, muhalif gruplar tarafından gerçekleştirildiğine inandıkları haksız tutumların sergilenmesi dışında mahremiyetin ihlali gibi durumlardan da şiddetle yakınmaktadırlar.
----. A legend tells that this plant was the only one brought by Adam and Eve out of the Garden of Eden. Medicinal properties of the leaves are today used in modern medicine and beauty preparations but has been used for centuries as an 'instant' burn cure, pain reliever, tonic and laxative. It is planted, not grown in the wild.
A) This vine grows in the wild, along the seashore
B) Aloe vera is probably one of the oldest plants known to man and was mentioned in the Bible
C) Although known specifically for external application to the skin, Aloe Juice is now widely used to help a variety of conditions of the digestive tract
D) An analysis of the Aloe Vera plant shows it is made up from a large variety of amino acids
E) The regular consumption of a dose of Aloe Vera Juice can often improve and maintain the feeling of well-being and the quality of life
The Queen keeps ____so as to maintain her symbolic status.
A) vulnerable
B) critical
C) sufficient
D) informative
E) aloof
(I) Today the worst problem facing the government of South Africa is unemployment. (II) This now affects a third of the population and is rising rapidly. (III) Actually, the end of South Africa’s isolation from the world meant that companies had cut jobs to be competitive. (IV) Moreover, in order to meet the government’s tight deficit targets, there are no cuts being made in the number of the public-service staff, which makes unemployment even worse. (V) In the economic sector, the situation is even more hopeful, for there has been a wave of reforms and mergers among banks and insurance companies.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
I was immensely impressed by both the qualifications and the personality of the candidate, but ______ on the selection committee was.
A) all the rest B) several others
C) many D) hardly anyone else
E) most of the others
An orchestra conductor uses a baton to conduct the music played ____.
A) for the singer had forgotten his song
B) as the members of the orchestra haven't all arrived
C) before the poet has failed to impress the audience
D) after the band played all my favourite songs
E) by the entire orchestra to ensure that the piece is played
Detailed studies of the human brain ---- to be carried out before new classes of therapeutic agents ----.
A) are needed / may develop
B) needs / are developed
C) need / can be developed
D) have needed / were developed
E) has needed / can be developed
The energy released by the earthquake which hit the South America in 1889 was so great .______
A) that is thought to be a great threat to the earth
B) when it is increased the tilt of its rotational axis by 2.5 centimetres
C) as it causes the upper part of each wave to pile up to create 'walls of destruction' up to
D) the sudden shift of mass towards the Earth's centre sped up the Earth's rotation by a few microseconds
E) that it even altered the rotation and tilt of the planet