NOUNS
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From the late 1960s to the early 1990s, the Internet was a communication and research tool used almost exclusively for academic and military purposes.
A) İnternet 1960’ların sonlarından 1990’ların başlarına kadar neredeyse sadece akademik ve askeri amaçlar için kullanılan bir iletişim ve araştırma aracıydı.
B) 1960’ların sonlarından 1990’ların başlarına kadar İnternet, iletişim ve araştırma yapmak amacıyla, akademisyenler ve askerler tarafından kullanıldı.
C) İnternet’in akademik ve askeri amaçlar ile kullanılmasına 1960’lı yıllarda başlanmış ve bu süreç 1990’lara kadar devam etmiştir.
D) 1960’lı yılların sonlarından 1990’lı yılların başlarına kadar akademik ve askeri amaçlarla kullanılan İnternet, bu tarihten sonra iletişim ve araştırma amaçlı olarak kullanılmıştır.
E) Akademik ve askeri bir amaçla geliştirilen İnternet, 1960’lı yılların sonlarından 1990’lı yılların başlarına kadar bir iletişim ve araştırma aracı olarak kullanılmıştır.
____ the morning of September 12th 2001, Americans woke up ____ a changed country.
A) In / in
B) To / by
C) At / for
D) Off / with
E) On / to
By 2020, total meat consumption in developing countries is predicted to have more than doubled. Yet livestock, especially in wealthy countries, already munches its way through 36 per cent of the world's grain harvest. All that grain exacts a heavy environmental cost, because the increased demand pulls farmers towards growing maize and soybean and away from pasture and fodder crops such as alfalfa that do so much for soil health. And grain-fed animals tend to be housed in huge feedlots, where crowding causes disease and veterinary surgeons use more antibiotics, and where vast mountains of manure pollute the surroundings. Consumers could reverse many of these problems by demanding meat from grass-fed livestock, or simply by eating less meat. And as an added bonus for overfed Westerners, the meat from grass-fed cattle is leaner than that from grain-fed animals.
We understand from the passage that cattle that feed on grass ___ .
A) need large amounts of pasture land that could be put to better use
B) are a great threat to the environment
C) will never be able to provide the world with an adequate supply of meat
D) produce meat with a lower fat content than grain fed cattle
E) cause farmers more problems than grain-fed cattle
Büyük miktarda böcek tüketen yarasaların yardımı olmazsa çiftçiler daha fazla böcek ilacı kullanmak zorunda kalabilirler, ki bu da çevre kaygılarını arttırır ve sebze-meyve fiyatlarını yükseltir.
A) Without the help of bats, which consume huge quantities of insects, farmers may have to use more insecticide, raising environmental worries and pushing up food prices.
B) Farmers will need to use more insecticide, which may or may not raise environmental concerns as well as increase food prices, without the help of bats consuming huge quantities of insects.
C) Farmers' use of insecticides may double environmental worries as well as food prices without the help of bats that consume huge amounts of insects.
D) With the help of bats, consuming great amounts of insects, farmers may be forced to use more insecticide, which might raise environmental worries and push up food prices.
E) If the bats do not help farmers by eating huge quantities of insects, more insecticide can be used to kill the insects, which may eventually
raise environmental concerns and food prices.
According to the passage, Mrs Mitchell's statements about her husband -----.
A) were disregarded by the press
B) were imaginary rather than factual
C) were, in fact, true but deliberately denied
D) convinced President Nixon that his attorney general was innocent
E) were examined by therapists on a regular basis
It is stated that 'mine action' ----.
A) does not include helping the survivors
B) refers merely to destroying mine supplies
C) has always been neglected by the US
D) is financially supported by eight countries
E) is losing power
She can't go out to work because she has to stay at home to _____her elderly mother.
A) care for
B) care to
C) care about
D) care of
E) care in
It seems strange to us now that miners and others employed in dangerous work should not have demanded the provision of----- headgear.
A) forceful B) obstructive
C) relentless D) protective
E) intensive
Much has been said and written about the declining numbers of and disappointing lack of diversity among American college students majoring in engineering. Among the factors cited to explain this phenomenon are the lack of exposure of high school students to the very idea of engineering and the fact that many have insufficient mathematics and science background to gain entrance to engineering school, even if they do identify the profession as a possible career. This is unfortunate, for the ideas of engineering should be integrated into the curricula not only of high schools but also of middle and primary schools. Our children are being done a disservice by not being exposed properly throughout their education to engineering activities identified as such. After all, even pre-school children have the prerequisites in their play for appreciating exactly what engineering is: design. Indeed, design is everywhere around them throughout their school day, even in their before-school and after-school activities. it need only be pointed out to them that they are designing something, and therefore being engineers of sorts, in virtually everything that they do.
The writer of the passage feels strongly that-----.
A) children should be involved in engineering activities at an early age
B) many children are being unfairly directed into a career in engineering
C) the mathematics and science courses in schools need to be modernized
D) university engineering courses ought to be upgraded
E) the education of pre-school children is being given too much importance
Of all the drugs that have been prescribed so far, this has proved to be ______ effective one.
A) most B) the most C) more
D) just as E) the more
(I) Infants all over the world begin to smile at about the same age. (II) Whether they are born in a remote African village or in a middle class American home, it seems to make no difference. (III) Unfortunately, this usually occurs when they see familiar faces or hear familiar voices (IV) This suggests that age is more important in determining the onset of smiling than are the conditions of rearing. (V) Moreover, blind babies smile at about the same age as sighted-infants, suggesting it is an innate response.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
24.
A) due to
B) because of
C) thanks to
D) instead of
E) unless
The great increase, in recent years, of ___ profits is never taken into account.
A) continual
B) corporate
C) constructive
D) contagious
E) contradictory
The Deputy Prime Minister announced today that it was ______ early to propose amendments in the legislation concerning industrial relations.
A) as well as B) just so
C) just as D) as soon as
E) as yet too
Matthew:
- I’ve been looking at this map of the world’s oil.
George:
- Yes. I took a look at that, too. What surprised you most?
Matthew: ----
George:
- Yes. I hadn’t realized that either.
A) I don’t think anything did.
B) I don’t know. But production costs for North Sea Oil are going up.
C) The newly discovered oil reserves in West Africa could have proved useful.
D) Nothing really.
E) The fact that central and South America come second, after the Middle East, for oil reserves.
D) earnestly E) extensively
Over the past ten years real income per person has increased ___ more than 30%, whereas ____ the previous 20 years it shrank by nearly 10%.
A) off / through
B) with / from
C) up / with
D) by / in
E) in / of
Flightless birds evolved from flying ancestors; there are about forty species in existence today. The best-known flightless birds are the ostrich, emu, cassowary, rhea and penguins. Most flightless birds evolved in the absence of predators, on islands, and lost the power of flight because they had few enemies. A notable exception, the ostrich, which lives in the African savannas, has claws on its feet to use as a weapon against predators. Two key differences between flying and flightless birds are the smaller wing bones of flightless birds and the absent (or greatly reduced) keel on their breastbone. The keel anchors muscles needed for wing movement. Flightless birds also have more feathers than flying birds.
The passage argues that ...............
A) flightless birds lost their flying abilities as there were not many animals threatening their existence
B) the main difference between the flightless and flying birds is that a flightless bird has claws on its feet
C) the ostrich cannot be an example to a flying bird because it has claws
D) predators find it easy to hunt flightless birds as none of the flightless birds have claws
E) predators are scared of flightless birds as they are much wilder than flying birds
anticipate that there ...... a nuclear war ahead.
A) was going to be/is
B) has gone /will be
C) would be/had been
D) was/has been
E) will be / would be
I was immensely impressed by both the qualifications and the personality of the candidate, but ______ on the selection committee was.
A) all the rest B) several others
C) many D) hardly anyone else
E) most of the others
A fresh look at the final months of the presidency of John F. Kennedy ------that a second Kennedy term might have produced a rapprochement with Cuba.
A) involves B) describes
C) inflicts D) indicates
E) promises
Satellite television transmission now makes it ____ for us to watch events as they unfold in other countries.
A) aware
B) liable
C) commonplace
D) worldwide
E) substantial
Mike borrowed his dad's sports car to ____ his girlfriend.
A) impress B) compel
C) accomplish D) implicate
E) enforce
His prose is _____, so his books are respected but not widely popular.
A) changeable
B) carnivore
C) celestial
D) chaotic
E) challenging
Çocuk hırsızları, cezaevindeki arkadaşlarını serbest bıraktırma anlaşması için bir çocuğu araç olarak kullandılar.
A) The kidnappers who used a child as a means of making a deal to get their friends in prison have been released.
B) The kidnappers wanted to use a child to get their friends in prison released.
C) The kidnappers were able to get their friends in prison released by using a child as a means of making a deal.
D) The kidnappers used a child as a means of making a deal to get their friends in prison released.
E) The kidnappers made a deal to get their friends in prison released in return for a child they abducted.
On an individual basis, poverty is caused by the level of education, skill, intelligence and experience one has. Mental and physical handicaps, feebleness due to age and discrimination due to sexual orientation, race, sex and other bigotry also are causes. Causes on a societal level include warfare, agricultural cycles, natural disasters, droughts and flooding. There are at least two approaches to explaining societal poverty, including case and generic theories. The case approach says that individual theories (or cases) of poverty make up the aggregate (or total) reasons for societal poverty. The generic theory of poverty, however, maintains that systemwide societal problems, such as low national income, cause individual cases of poverty.In other words, case theories believe in combating poverty by addressing individual causes. Generic theory, on the other hand, believes in combating poverty by addressing the overarching social and economic issues that cause it.
4. The writer makes the point that, education level .........
A) is related with many factors, including lack of jobs for workers
B) is one of the reasons of poverty besides skill and intelligence
C) puts the measures how to menage with the difficulties
D) is most unlikely that they will ever become poor again
E) is to include high infant and child mortality rates
Alison: How was the exhibition?
Roger: _____
Alison: Let me know when that will be and I'll try to join you.
Roger: Yes, do. You'll enjoy it.
A) Not bad at all. But it's been quite severely criticized in some quarters.
B) Well worth a visit. In fact I want to go back and look around again at leisure.
C) Excellent. In fact I even bought two pictures.
D) Rather disappointing. I'd been warned, but didn't take those warnings seriously.
E) There's some good work on view. Pat's going again tomorrow.
Logan : I’m starting to feel sick to my stomach. I don’t know if I’m coming down with something or if it’s something I ate.
Cindy :_____
Logan : And didn’t we have the same thing?
Cindy : Then chances are it was the food and I doubt I’ll ever eat there again.
A) Well, I feel fine so I don’t think it has anything to do with the restaurant.
B) That’s funny because I’m feeling exactly the same way.
C) Isn’t this the third time this week you’ve had fast food for lunch? So, of course, you
don’t feel very well.
D) Oh you’re just saying that so Mr. Douglas will let you go home early.
E) Take these; the cramps should go away in about half an hour.
According to the passage, when one crow plans to steal food from another one, ---.
A) this is really a means of establishing its superiority
B) it will invariably try to do so in the first place without being seen
C) there will inevitably be a fight between the two
D) this is a sure sign that both crows are really hungry
E) it will sometimes approach quite openly and boldly
Although Vincent Van Gogh is a world-famous artist today, he (22) ............... much recognition during his lifetime. Van Gogh only sold one painting (23) ............... he was alive and for most of his life he was very poor. Vincent also suffered from (24) ............... depression and was admitted to a mental hospital after cutting off (25) ............... ear. He While in the hospital Vincent painted one of his best-known paintings, Starry Night. In mid-May 1890, Vincent left the asylum and spent the last few months of his life in Anvers, France. On July 27, 1890 Vincent van Gogh shot (26) ............... in the chest with a revolver. Two days later he died with his younger brother, Theo, by his side.
26.
A) his own
B) on his own
C) by himself
D) himself
E) itself
More than 80 renowned German scientists and artists took refuge in Turkey from the Nazi persecution in the 1930s and 1940s. —Among them were the Berlin Opera director Carl Ebert, the composer Paul Hindemith, philosophers and orientalists such as Ernst von Aster and Helmut Ritter. Close ties developed amongst various universities in the two countries as a result and these persist today. The German Academic Exchange Service awards various scholarships in Turkey. Professors and students teach and study in both countries.
A) Germany had always produced scientists who were renowned for their pioneering discoveries.
B) These were the worst years for those people who suffered immensely under the Nazi regime.
C) They worked in and also helped to develop and establish Turkish universities.
D) Turkey was a country that accepted people from Germany during the Nazi persecution.
E) Many of them visited Istanbul because of its rich history.
There is no likelihood that our domestic cats will ___; their problem is the opposite one.
A) discern
B) disclose
C) discharge
D) disconcert
E) disappear
16.
A) Until B) Whenever C) Once
D) Since E) While
Kemik iliğindeki genç alyuvar olgunlaşıp yetişkin formuna ulaştıkça çekirdeğini kaybeder.
A) The young red blood cell that matures and takes on an adult form in the marrow of the bone loses its nucleus.
B) As a result of the young red blood cell that matures and takes on an adult form in the marrow of the bone, they lose the nucleus.
C) As the young red blood cell matures, and takes on an adult form in the marrow of the bone, it loses its nucleus.
D) Since the young red blood cell matures, and takes on an adult form in the marrow, it loses its nucleus.
E) First, the young red blood cell matures, then it takes on an adult form in the marrow of the bone, and finally it loses its nucleus.
The passage clearly states that ----.
A) New York City was cleared of mines last year
B) there were fewer mine casualties last year than the previous year
C) one fifth of mine victims were not soldiers
D) numbers of reported mine-related casualties are unreliable
E) all the countries in UN signed the Mine Ban Treaty
_____ of the questions they asked at the interview were ______ what I expected.
A) Some / more B) Each /such
C) All / so as D) Any / about
E) None / quite
The most devastating human impact on environments can be seen on islands ------ settlers have introduced new animals and plants.
A) which
B) to whom
C) what
D) to which
E) whom
Thermal energy is the energy that a system or object possesses ____.
A) no mass and is the capacity to do work
B) the production of coal had to be reduced
C) caused on Earth by the strong attraction
D) due to the random movement of its particles
E) these methods should obviously be preferred