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(I) In 1965 When Mrs. Indira Gandhi became the prime minister of India, she faced serious political problems in the country. (II) For Instance, she followed a pro-Soviet policy and, hence, did not react against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. (III) In the first place, she had to consolidate her authority in the Congress Party against the opposition from the Party’s old guard. (IV) Also she had to deal with the terrorist activities in various part of the country. (V) However, she took courageous steps in her rule and won a landslide election victory in 1971.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Highlights of the Great Wisconsin Cheese Festival include cheesecake contests and cheese-carving, —sculptors transform 18 kg blocks of Cheddar cheese into objects of beauty.
A) from that
B) how
C) what
D) in which
E) whatever
The defendant's ___ during the gruelling trial was admirable.
A) complaint
B) conduct
C) community
D) compulsion
E) complication
In the 19th century,
A) During the 19th century, the invasion of
hostilities in
B) It was in the 19th century that there emerged
hostilities between
for them.
C) In the 19th century, both
into a fierce conflict with each other in
D) Throughout the 19th century, the hostilities
between
essentially for the possession of
E) In the 19th century,
important for
tried to conquer
The _____ numeral system, or base-2 number system represents numeric values using two symbols, usually 0 and 1.
A) barrier
B) benignant
C) ballast
D) binary
E) barrel
Vampire bats have bitten over 1300 children in
A) though 25 of their victims died from rabies
B) from a disease which causes people and animals to go mad and die
C) which has brought about nothing but pessimism
D) even so, they had not been warned
E) all of them died on the spot
On the basis of the passage, one can state that, during the Tudor period,
A) earned large amounts of revenue from its exports
B) took little interest in the affairs of continental
C) experienced a long process of social and economic transformation
D) emerged as a major sheep-raising country in
E) remained totally indifferent to the economic and political changes in
The United States spends -----on armed forces do ----- all other countries combined.
A) so much / that
B) both / and
C) not only/ but also
D) neither / nor
E) more / than
it is difficult to ____ the composer of a piece of music without being told.
A) recreate
B) pursue
C) reinstate
D) determine
E) recognize
18.
A) so that B) in case C) just as D) that E) although
Alec : How are you getting on with that book of short stories James gave you?
Malcolm : -----
Alec : Why was that?
Malcolm : Well, all the stories make strange things seem ordinary, and ordinary things strange. It's rather disturbing at first.
A) Fine now, but I found it a bit difficult to get into at first.
B) l haven't even begun to read it.
C) It's too modern for me; it's also too literary
D) To be honest, l don't really like autobiography.
E) Grand. lrish Murdoch is one of my favourite writers.
What I ______ is that we ______ to think seriously about a thorough reform in the legal system.
A) have proposed/should have begun
B) had proposed/were beginning
C) am proposing/begin
D) was proposing/have begun
E) proposed/had begun
______ because each type behaves differently and has a different effect on human health.
A) On a global scale, most particulates come from natural sources
B) Solid particulates include grit from building sites and soot from industrial chimneys
C) Fortunately larger particles do not pose a health risk
D) Flied experiments on wind-borne sand and dust had already been carried out
E) The study of particulates is an arduous one
Most foreign tourists visiting
A) Before the Norman Conquest in 1066, King Edward the Confessor established his palace on the site
B) Also, most of those who work daily in the building remain awed by its artistic power
C) The disaster of the great fire of 1834 destroyed much of the medieval palace
D) For security reasons, the Houses of Parliament can no longer be viewed by the general public
E) The word “parliament” derives from the French word “parler”, which means “to speak” or “to talk”
Gravity surveys are also used to ____ ore bodies of minerals.
A) destroy
B) detain
C) deteriorate
D) detect
E) devastate
Soccer’s many creative possibilities ---- in part from its being played on such a large field.
A) entail B) consist
C) conclude D) claim
E) derive
They do not mind leaving their children in your custody ____ you are an excellent baby-sitter.
A) because
B) even so
C) though
D) so
E) but
According to the passage, if the price went down to $5 and you sold your shares ____.
According to the writer of the passage, stock market____.
A) is a collection of the stock trading done by company
B) is a putting money into financial shares with the expectation of achieving a fame
C) vies with its shareholders when ceiling price changes
D) has a dissuasive characteristic from the point of view of investment
E) is the reasonable way of earning money without beating about the bush
Ekonomik kalkınma gibi, siyasi barışıklık, Afganistan için çözümün gerçekten bir parçası olmak zorundadır.
A) Political reconciliation, just like economic development, must indeed be regarded as a final settlement in
B) Not only economic development but also political reconciliation has really to be the ultimate settlement in
C) It is essential that, in addition to economic development, political reconciliation must in fact be considered for a lasting solution in
D) As part of a lasting solution in
E) Like economic development, political reconciliation does indeed need to be part of the solution for
The man who created the first computer virus has been sentenced to 20 months in an American federal prison, and it is generally agreed that the he has been ---very lightly.
A) shown upon B) given up
C) taken down D) let off
E) brought in
Art appreciation involves having an understanding of all of the qualities that comprise a great work of art.
A) Sanat estetiği büyük bir sanat eserini oluşturan niteliklerin hepsine sahip olma anlayışını gerektirir.
B) Sanat estetiğe sahip bir büyük bir sanat eseri kendisini oluşturan niteliklerin hepsine sahip olmalıdır.
C) Sanat estetiği büyük bir sanat eserini oluşturan niteliklerin hepsine sahip olma anlayışını bulundurmaktadır.
D) Sanat estetiği büyük bir sanat eserini oluşturan niteliklerin hepsine sahip olma anlayışının gerekliliğine inanılır.
E) Sanat estetiği büyük bir sanat eserini oluşturan niteliklerin hepsine sahip olma anlayışını sundular.
According to the passage, the publishing of paperback books in the 20th century ----.
A) made the divide between rich and poor more obvious
B) was started by Andrew Carnegie, a patron of libraries
C) made pulp magazines and cheap novels popular
D) grew at such a rate that more libraries were built annually
E) made private libraries less of a sign of wealth
By 2020, total meat consumption in developing countries is predicted to have more than doubled. Yet livestock, especially in wealthy countries, already munches its way through 36 per cent of the world's grain harvest. All that grain exacts a heavy environmental cost, because the increased demand pulls farmers towards growing maize and soybean and away from pasture and fodder crops such as alfalfa that do so much for soil health. And grain-fed animals tend to be housed in huge feedlots, where crowding causes disease and veterinary surgeons use more antibiotics, and where vast mountains of manure pollute the surroundings. Consumers could reverse many of these problems by demanding meat from grass-fed livestock, or simply by eating less meat. And as an added bonus for overfed Westerners, the meat from grass-fed cattle is leaner than that from grain-fed animals.
We understand from the passage that cattle that feed on grass ___ .
A) need large amounts of pasture land that could be put to better use
B) are a great threat to the environment
C) will never be able to provide the world with an adequate supply of meat
D) produce meat with a lower fat content than grain fed cattle
E) cause farmers more problems than grain-fed cattle
In the 20th century, most of the large military powers developed biological weapons, ------.
A) but moral repugnance kept these countries from using them against each other
B) although bio weapons have a fearful potential that has long been understood
C) while as many as 17 countries are still thought to have kept some to use in an emergency
D) so long as none of the regimes is supporting a terrorist group
E) just as non-lethal weapons merit particular attention
An orchestra conductor uses a baton to conduct the music played ____.
A) for the singer had forgotten his song
B) as the members of the orchestra haven't all arrived
C) before the poet has failed to impress the audience
D) after the band played all my favourite songs
E) by the entire orchestra to ensure that the piece is played
All organisms have some capacity to adapt to environmental changes, but the extent of this adaptive capacity ---- greatly.
A) executes B) varies C) discards
D) abolishes E) merges
The 16th century in England is generally known as the Tudor period, which historically lasted from 1485 to 1603. Among the famous Tudor sovereigns were Henry VII, Henry VIII, and Elizabeth I. In fact, the early years of the Tudor period were marked by significant changes in trade and in the arts of war. Henry VII made commercial treaties with European countries. Economically, England, which had always been a sheep-raising country, was by now manufacturing and exporting significant amounts of
cloth. As lands were enclosed to permit grazing on a larger scale, people were driven off the land to the cities, and London grew into a metropolitan market with sophisticated commercial institutions. These changes had an impact on the traditional feudal social order, which also began to decline; also, due to the introduction of cannons and firearms, the feudal system of warfare became obsolete. Yet, it would be a mistake to imagine these changes as sudden and dramatic. In fact, it was a slow and long process whereby England was transformed into a modern state.
One understands from the passage that the Tudor dynasty in England ----.
A) was best represented by Henry VIII, who
followed a policy of friendship with other
countries
B) introduced a number of military reforms in order
to build the strongest army in Europe
C) focused its main attention on the improvement of
agriculture in the country
D) was represented by powerful sovereigns, who
played a leading role in European politics
E) came to power in the late fifteenth century and
ruled the country over a century
Europe's politicians seem ----- to the progress, or lack of it, of their own European Union.
A) representative B) obscure C) foreseen
D) informed E) indifferent
At first glance, Chinese students appear as eager as ever to study in the US.
A) On the surface it seems that there is no decline in the desire of Chinese students to get educated in the US.
B) Apparently, Chinese students are increasingly keen to continue their studies in the US.
C) To all outward appearances, Chinese students are no less eager than they used to be to go to the US.
D) Apparently, as long as Chinese students are eager to study in the US, they’ll do so.
E) It seems as if Chinese students are still equally keen to study in the US.
The Victorian age, 1830–1901, was a period of dramatic change, especially in Britain. (17) ---- the extension of colonialism in Africa, Asia, and the West Indies, England (18) ---- the central world power of its time. (19) ---- economic and political changes, there was tremendous progress in the (20) ---- of women's rights, particularly in terms of better labour conditions and (21) ---- marital rights.
17.
A) Beside
B) With
C) Along
D) In
E) For
Autism is considered among mental disorders and shows (17) ---- in clearly abnormal social interaction, loss of the ability (18) ----, odd interests and behaviour. (19) ---- the specific (20) ---- of autism has not been explained yet, heredity seems to be important. Autistic people show delays in social interaction, inability to use language with a common onset (21) ---- age 3 years.
17.
A) them
B) themselves
C) its
D) itself
E) it
Hâlâ tartışmalı olsa da gökbilimciler, evrenin 40 ile 50 milyar galaksi içerebileceğini tahmin etmişlerdir.
A) Many astronomers are still of the opinion that the universe contains 40 to 50 billion galaxies though these figures are controversial.
B) Though still controversial, astronomers have estimated that the universe could contain 40 to 50 billion galaxies.
C) The controversy continues among astronomers as to whether there are 40 or 50 billion galaxies in the universe.
D) Some astronomers have estimated that there are 40 to 50 billion galaxies in the universe, but the figures remain controversial.
E) It is still a matter of contention, but astronomers believe there are between 40 and 50 billion galaxies in the universe.
What can we do to convince him that the object is sure to succeed?
A) Why can’t he admit that that the success of the project is in doubt?
B) Why can’t we persuade him that the scheme is sure to fail?
C) How should we go about persuading him that the success of the project is assured?
D) Why must he believe that the scheme is sure to succeed?
E) Doesn’t he want us to believe that the project is sure to succeed?
Rekabetten öğrenilen, rakibin gibi davranmayı öğrenmek değil, o hata yapmışsa onun davranışını tekrarlamamayı öğrenmektir.
A) If your competitor has failed, you should learn not to repeat his mistakes apart from imitating his behaviour.
B) Learning from competition means more than learning to act like your competitor; it means learning not to repeat his mistakes.
C) Competition requires learning to avoid the mistakes that your competitor has made after having mirrored his behaviour.
D) What is learned from competition is not learning to act like your competitor, but learning not to repeat his behaviour if he has made a mistake.
E) Learning from competition results in learning not only to act like your competitor, but also not to
model after him if he makes a mistake.
Despite the benefits derived from genetic advancements, some observers have voiced concerns that genetically-engineered organisms could harm people or the environment.
A) Bazı gözlemciler, genetik alanındaki ilerlemelerin bazı yararlar sağlamakla beraber, genleri değiştirilmiş organizmaların insanlara veya çevreye zarar verebileceğini iddia etmektedir.
B) Bazı gözlemciler, genetik alanındaki ilerlemelerin sağladığı faydalara rağmen, genetik olarak değiştirilmiş organizmaların insanlara veya çevreye zarar verebileceği konusundaki endişelerini dile getirmişlerdir.
C) Genetik alanındaki ilerlemelerin çeşitli yararlar sağlamasına rağmen bazı gözlemciler, genleri değiştirilmiş organizmaların insanlara veya çevreye zarar verebileceğini ileri sürmüşlerdir.
D) Genetik alanındaki ilerlemelerin bazı faydalar sağladığı ama genetik olarak değiştirilmiş organizmaların insanlara veya çevreye zarar verebileceği, bazı gözlemciler tarafından dile getirilmiştir.
E) Bazı gözlemcilerin dile getirdiği endişeler, genetik alanında sağlanan ilerlemelere rağmen, genleri değiştirilmiş organizmaların insanlara veya çevreye zarar verebileceği şeklindedir.
It’s no use expecting someone else to find a job for him; he must do something about it himself.
A) He never will get a job unless he sets about getting one himself and not leaving it to others.
B) He shouldn’t expect others to give up their jobs for him.
C) As he doesn’t want the job himself he might as well let someone else have it.
D) It’s hard enough to have to find a job for oneself without having to help other people look for one.
E) You shouldn’t expect anyone else to accept a job you aren’t willing to take on yourself.
Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth above sea level, but it is not the world’s tallest. That honour goes to the Hawaiian volcano Mauna Kea. When measured from its base on the Pacific Ocean floor, it is about 1, 000 metres taller than Mount Everest. Mauna Kea is part of a 5, 600-kilometre-long chain of volcanoes stretching westward from the main Hawaiian island. This volcanic chain is formed by small convection streams called “hot spots”, just below the Earth’s crust, where magma rises from the hotter parts of the mantle, the region between the crust and the core of the earth. These hot spots melt sections of the tectonic plates moving above them, causing magma and bits of the molten plate to erupt onto the sea floor. Over time, the lava accumulates, forming a mountain that rises above sea level. The moving tectonic plates carry the newly-formed mountain away from its original location, as newer volcanoes continue to form in the same spot.
48. It is clear from the passage that the tectonic plates in the Pacific Ocean _____ .
A) move constantly and, thus, undermine the formation of a volcanic chain in the region
B) prevent the formation of convection streams that cause eruptions on the ocean floor
C) are so thick that the so-called “hot spots” have no physical effect on them
D) play a part in the formation of volcanic chains on the ocean floor
E) cover the mantle so well that no eruption of magma can take place on the ocean floor
Linda : Have you decided on the band for the wedding yet?
Shelly : Actually, I’m not sure I want a band anymore. I’m starting to think that hiring a DJ would be a better idea.
Linda : ____
Shelly : Well, now all I have to do is to get Bill to agree with us.
A) If you want, I can help you pick out the songs you want him to play.
B) I wish you would make up your mind soon because time is running out.
C) I think you should stick with a band because most people prefer live music.
D) I don’t know why you’re wasting your time on this; everybody will be talking and not
listening to the music anyway.
E) I’m glad you changed your mind because it’ll be easier to please all your guests this way.
A) select
B) exchange
C) allocate
D) circulate
E) classify
People living in Pompeii had witnessed small earthquakes several years before the famous (22)
---- of Mt. Vesuvius, which had already caused serious structural damage (23) ---- the houses, and in August 79, all the wells of the town dried up; but these warnings (24) ----. On the day of the catastrophe, the date was, (25) ---- coincidentally, (26) ---- of the festival of the Roman god of fire.
25.
A) a lot
B) hardly
C) quite
D) by far
E) well