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Scientists in Rio de Janeiro have unveiled skeletons of a crocodile-like reptile ----.
A) which have led them think that dinosaurs really existed
B) that is thought to have roamed in Brazil 90 million years ago
C) existing only in hot summer days which make them feel fitter to the environment
D) help them to a great extent in their research
E) so that they could base their claims on scientific grounds
Pakistan ----- the Indus and its tributaries for almost half of its irrigation supplies.
A) turns back B) waits for
C) takes to D) pulls up
E) relies on
According to the passage, it was decided, after careful consideration, that the height of the drawbridge ___ .
A) need not be as high as the former one
B) should be raised so that ships of up to
C) should be the same as that of the previous one
D) should be left to the discretion of the engineers building it
E) should not be allowed to add seriously to the cost of constructing it
In the recent years, sediment cores drilled from the ocean floor have revealed ...............
A) it is likely that humans release comparable amounts of carbon dioxide over the next few hundred years
B) that the emission of nearly 4500 gig tons of carbon into the atmosphere led to the recent catastrophic global warming
C) and the resulting acidification of the oceans lasted more than 100,000 years
D) it serves as a warning and backs up computer models that have predicted similar long-lasting effects
E) that is feared to be the next natural disaster in the world
In an economic recession, most companies know what they need to do.
A) Ekonomik bir durgunlukta, şirketler genellikle ne yapacaklarını bilir.
B) Ekonomik bir durgunluk durumunda, şirketlerin çoğu, yapması gerekenleri bildiğini sanır.
C) Ekonomik bir durgunlukta, çoğu şirket ne yapması gerektiğini bilir.
D) Ekonomik bir durgunluk sürecinde ne yapılması gerektiğini hemen hemen tüm şirketler bilir.
E) Ekonomi ile ilgili bir durgunlukta ne yapılacağını, şirketlerin hepsi bilir.
The causes of World War II were rooted in the peace
settlement at Versailles in 1919-1920. The peace had
created as many problems as it had solved. The
senior Allied heads of state yielded to demands that
involved annexing German territory and creating new
states out of the eastern European empires. In doing
so, the peacemakers created fresh bitterness and
conflict. The Versailles treaty and its champions,
such as US President Woodrow Wilson, proclaimed
the principle of self-determination for the peoples of
eastern and southern Europe. Yet the new states
created by the treaty crossed ethnic boundaries,
involved political compromises, and frustrated many
of the expectations they had raised. The unsteady
new boundaries would be redrawn by force in the
1930s. The Allied powers also kept up the naval
blockade against Germany after the end of World
War I. This forced the new German government to
accept harsh terms that deprived Germany of its
political power in Europe. The blockade and its
consequences created grievances that made the
German people feel angry and completely humiliated.
As pointed out in the passage, the new states in
eastern Europe, created in accordance with the
Versailles treaty, ----.
A) became the source of many problems in Europe
and caused much disillusionment
B) were protected by the Allied powers against a
possible German invasion
C) formed an alliance in order to resist Germany’s
territorial demands
D) maintained their independence until the start of
World War II
E) did their best to be on good terms with Germany
and so pursued a pro-German policy
They do not know how to ___ themselves aganist such weapons.
A) deepen
B) defer
C) defend
D) deduce
E) dedicate
The dramatic fall in share prices took even the experts by surprise.
A) Even those in the know were unprepared for the rapid drop in share prices.
B) The experts themselves were worried at the sudden drop in share prices.
C) The rapid fall in share prices came as a shock to all but the experts.
D) Even those who had been following share prices closely hadn’t expected them to fall so dramatically.
E) When share prices suddenly dropped, even those who knew the market well were apprehensive.
Clinically, high-sensation-seekers who risk their well-being for something exciting and novel are known to have the” thrill-seeking” gene. .............. Psychologists explain these people as pursuers of new, complex and exciting sensations.
A) However, we can argue that it is the social circumstances that determine one’s personal traits
B) Therefore high-sensation-seekers are genetically different from low-sensation-seekers, who are not in search of excitement or intense sensations
C) Consequently, high–sensation-seekers are highly susceptible to injury and even death
D) What leads to high–sensation-seekers towards destructive behaviour still remains a mystery
E) However, high-sensation-seekers were usually regarded as clever and assertive as opposed to low-sensation-seekers who were called passive and timid
Most American plays of the 18th and 19th centuries strongly reflected British influence. In fact, no New York City theatre season presented more American plays than British plays until 1910. The reasons behind this phenomenon are complex, but a common language and the ready availability of British plays and British actors offer the most obvious explanation. Although the British repertory dominated the American stage for so long, American drama had begun to diverge from British drama by the time of Andrew Jackson’s presidency, from 1828 to 1836. British plays, which typically reflected the attitudes and manners of the upper classes, were by then in conflict with more egalitarian American values. Despite this growing divergence, British actors, theatre managers, and plays continued to cross the Atlantic Ocean with regularity, and most American plays copied British models until the early 20th century. For this reason some critics claim that American drama was not born until the end of World War I (1914-1918).By the end of the 19th century American drama was moving steadily toward realism, illuminating the rough or seamy side of life and creating more believable characters. Realism remained the dominant trend of the 20th century in both comedies and tragedies. American drama achieved international recognition with the psychological realism of plays by Eugene O’Neill and their searing investigation of characters’ inner lives. As the century advanced, the number of topics considered suitable for drama broadened to encompass race, gender, sexuality, and death.
55.The main aim of writer is to inform the reader about the ................
A) history and development of British Drama in the 20th century
B) history and development of American drama in the 19th century
C) the impact of the World War I on American and British plays in the 20th century
D) influence of British drama on American drama and the birth of the American realistic drama
E) famous American dramatist, Eugene O’Neill and his influence on American theatre
Paul : I see you’re reading Trevor’s latest novel. What is it like?
Matthew : It is not one of his best.
Paul : _____
Matthew : And deservedly so.
A) That seems to be the general opinion.
B) I disagree. This is the only one I’ve really found stimulating.
C) His characters are all types from the underworld.
D) He seems to draw much on Agatha Christie.
Amerikalı dilbilimci Noam Chomsky insan beyninin dili tanımak ve yeniden üretmek için özel olarak inşa edildiğini ve dili oluşturma ve anlama yeteneğinin her insanda doğuştan var olduğunu düşünmektedir.
A) American linguist Noam Chomsky thinks that the structure of the human brain facilitates the detection and reproduction of language and that the ability to form and understand language exists in all human beings since birth.
B) American linguist Noam Chomsky thinks that the human brain is especially constructed to detect and reproduce language and that the ability to form and understand language is innate to all human beings.
C) American linguist Noam Chomsky thinks that the human brain detects and reproduces language because of its structure and that every human being can form and understand language since birth.
D) American linguist Noam Chomsky assumes that the human brain has a special structure to detect and reproduce language and that the talent of forming and understanding language exists in all human beings since birth.
E) According to Noam Chomsky, an American linguist, the human brain has a framework which notices and reproduces language, and the ability to form and understand language is innate to all human beings.
When the rage for orchids hit Europe in the nineteenth century, collectors immediately realized that greenhouses were needed to provide (17) ------ growing conditions. (18) ------ greenhouses were a luxury (19) ------ the very wealthy. But before long, greenhouses (20) ------ mass-produced, (21) ------ made them more affordable for orchid lovers of modest means.
C) which D) but
E) so
If you do not ____ to do something, you lack the courage to do it.
A) debate
B) dash
C) dare
D) defeat
E) defer
Tickets for the festival events ---- in advance as there ---- left any on the day of the events.
A) should buy / won’t be
B) can be bought / shouldn’t be
C) has to buy / can’t be
D) must be bought / might not be
E) ought to be bought / mustn’t be left
Today scientists draw attention to some of the potential consequences of global warming on wildlife. They point out that each species reacts to changes in
temperature differently. Some species will undoubtedly become extinct, particularly those with narrow temperature requirements, those confined to small reserves or parks, and those living in fragile ecosystems, whereas other species may survive in greatly reduced numbers and ranges. Ecosystems
considered most vulnerable to species loss in the short term are polar seas, coral reefs, mountains, coastal wetlands,tundra, taiga, and temperate forests. On the other hand, some species may be able to migrate to new environments or adapt themselves to the changing conditions in their present habitats. Also, some species may be unaffected by global warming, whereas others may emerge from it as winners, with greatly expanded numbers and ranges. Those considered most likely to prosper include weeds, pests, and disease-carrying organisms that are already common in many different
environments.
According to the passage, some species ----.
A) are very sensitive to the nvironments with narrow temperature requirements and, therefore,
would have their habitats elsewhere
B) are so adaptable to different environments that they keep on migrating from one environment to
another
C) prefer to have their habitats not only in places such as mountains and wetlands, but also in
tundra, taiga, and temperate forests
D) will be positively affected by global warming and, consequently, will increase in number and range
E) such as weeds and pests would survive only in one kind of ecosystem even though they react to changes in temperature
Unlike broadcast television, an interactive TV service provider ---- customers to choose which
service to use at any given time, whether it ---- shopping, watching a film or playing games.
A) has allowed / might have been
B) allows / is
C) allowed / would be
D) would allow / should have been
E) is allowing / was
______ which expands when heated.
A) A thermometer contains mercury
B) This is a characteristic of all metals.
C) The atmosphere contains various gases
D) Parts of the sea floor remain unexplored
E) The hole in the ozone layer is becoming more and more dangerous
The editorial ____ has decided to bring out new editions of the old classics.
A) display
B) chair
C) card
D) panel
E) board
25.
A) having been hit
B) hits
C) being hit
D) is hit
E) hitting
The ridicule that _____ upon him by leading scientists of the day _____ to the novelty of his thinking.
A) is being heaped / would testify
B) has been heaped / testified
C) had heaped / has testified
D) was heaping / had testified
E) was heaped / testifies
The nail grows from a point near the roots below the skin. This semi-circle named the 'lunula' comprises a group of cells that manufacture keratin, a dead, hoof-like protein. Though nails grow an average of two inches per year, their growth slows with age, and the average adult's fingernails grow only one inch in eight months. The base of the nails is embedded into the skin. Unlike other skin, it contains elastic fibres that connect it to the nail, and hold it firmly in place. The cuticle, a rim of skin over the lunula, protects it from bacterial infection, serves as a shock absorber, and shields the nail from any sudden impacts. Normally, the lunula is white in colour, indicating proper nutrition and good overall health. Blue lunula raise red flags that circulatory problems to the fingers may exist. Nails that are hard, brittle, and tend to split easily, may also be clues to poor circulation, infection, or disturbances of the glandular and nutritional systems. Those curling sharply around the finger point to coronary, liver, or lung diseases.
t is stated in the passage that the cuticle ----.
A) produces keratin
B) grows one inch in eight months
C) is embedded into the protective layer of skin over the nail
D) acts as a guard for the nail protecting from external impacts
E) may lead to infectious diseases
Until the discovery of the relativity theory, little was known about mass and energy.
A) İzafiyet kuramı buluncaya kadar, madde ve enerji hakkında çok az şey biliniyordu.
B) Madde ve enerji hakkında bilinen şeyler izafiyet kuramının bulunuşundan önce çok azdı.
C) İzafiyet kuramının bulunmasıyla, madde ve enerji hakkında bilinenler çoğaldı.
D) Eğer izafiyet kuramı bulunmasaydı, madde ve enerji konusunda çok az şey bilirdik.
E) İzafiyet kuramı konusunda bilinen şeyler, madde ve enerji ile bağlantılıdır.
Peeling back both space and time, scientists using the Hubble Space Telescope have found that the strange force known as dark energy appears to have existed for at least the past two-thirds of the universe's history. Dark energy is a mysterious repulsive force that opposes gravity, causing the universe to expand. Albert Einstein posited that a form of the force existed nearly a century ago by, but it was not discovered until 1998. Scientists believe dark energy makes up about 70 percent of the substance of the universe. Also, scientists can measure the strength of dark energy by looking at distant galaxies for a type of exploding star known as a Type 1A supernova.
It is clear from the passage that ..............
A) supernovas enable scientists to obtain further information about dark energy
B) no form of energy can stand against gravity
C) only supernovas can terminate dark energy
D) supernovas can lead to the explosion of other stars orbiting around them
E) supernovas have a deep impact on earth’s gravity
The officials have admitted that the spread of a dangerous new superbug through hospitals ............. by the Government's reporting scheme.
A) is being hugely underestimated
B) have been hugely underestimated
C) would be hugely underestimated
D) are hugely underestimated
E) had hugely underestimated
Highlights of the Great Wisconsin Cheese Festival include cheesecake contests and cheese-carving, —sculptors transform 18 kg blocks of Cheddar cheese into objects of beauty.
A) from that
B) how
C) what
D) in which
E) whatever
---- Windsor Castle, occupying ---- area of
A) The / an
B) This / such an
C) An / the
D) The most / such
E) That / Some
It has become a fashion among film stars to use some of their money to ______ needy children.
A) make out B) comply with C) abide by
D) provide for E) put up with
Having been _____ with the rat race in big cities, many people have moved to small towns to lead a simpler life.
A) disposed of B) fed up
C) rounded up D) looked into
E) cared for
____ , although they didn’t have any really serious grounds for doing so.
A) Quite a lot of the objections will be easily dealt with
B) The foreman may take it on himself to fire the man
C) Several people are thinking of declining the invitation
D) Several nations boycotted the games
E) Conclusions reigned at the following meeting
Geometry is usually divided into pure geometry, which roughly embraces the plane and solid geometry dealt with by Euclid, and analytical or coordinate geometry, ---- problems are solved using algebraic methods.
A) in that B) in which
C) by whom D) which
E) whichever
Beth :
I heard it’s Thanksgiving next week. I’m British, so would you mind explaining what this holiday’s all about?
Pete :
Basically, it celebrates the survival of the first settlers in America.
Beth :
----
Pete :
It’s turned entirely into a food-
oriented holiday where people stuff themselves with turkey and sit around watching football.
A) I know all about it from watching American
movies and TV.
B) Don’t you have this holiday in
C) But what do people actually do on this day?
D) Since I don’t have any family here, do you
think I could spend it with yours?
E) I’m not going home for Thanksgiving
this year because I couldn’t get a flight.
Chris : You know I’d love to spend a holiday in the
Brian : ______
Chris : No, certainly not. I’d go in the summer season. And I’m sure There would be lots to see.
Brian : True. But I prefer to see it all on the TV.
A) Actually. I would, too. If only to see the flora.
B) Whatever for? Just to be doing something different?
C) So would I. We see the polar bears and the seals on TV. but it would be marvellous to see them in reality.
D) Well, yes: if it weren’t for the cold!
E) I couldn’t afford it. And I’ll be surprised if you can.
According to the text, After just one night without sleep ----.
A) concentration becomes harder and attention period becomes less
B) do not have to sleep all day long
C) we become heavier and stronger
D) we do not have the necessary actions to take
E) we become lively and calm
Food is the urgent and ____ need of individuals and of society.
A) negotiable B) current
C) prescriptive D) loose
E) recurrent
The boy finally admitted, after two hours of questioning, having used his friend's sports car.
A) Arkadaşının arabasını kullanan çocuk iki saatlik sorgulamadan sonra nihayet itiraf etti.
B) İki saat sorgulanan çocuk sonunda arkadaşının arabasını kullandığını kabul etti.
C) Nihayet arkadaşının arabasını kullandığını kabul eden çocuk iki saat sorgulandı.
D) İki saatlik sorgulamadan sonra çocuk nihayet arkadaşının arabasını kullanmış olduğunu kabul etti.
E) Adam, iki saat sorgulanması sonucu, arkadaşının arabasını kullandığını itiraf etti.
Life doesn't ____ to be funny when people die anymore than it ceases to be serious when people laugh.
A) categorize
B) catch
C) carry
D) cast
E) cease
Some of these new drugs, capable ______ curing a variety of diseases are sometimes hazardous ______ use or disposal.
A) for/at
B) of/in
C) in/by
D) by/through
E) about/with
Cycling (22) _____ more and more popular and people from nearly all ages take up this sport which both enables muscle exercise and pass enjoyable time. Everybody can get a bicycle and some equipment such as helmets and gloves and begin the sport after a brief riding (23) _____. If you know how to balance your body, then there will be no problem. Cycling is quite suitable for parents and children, they will enjoy it especially in spring, (24) _____ they can ride (25) _____ the countryside on their bikes, enjoying themselves, getting fresh air and also exercising (26) _____.
25.
A) over
B) on
C) of
D) to
E) around
Bugün bildiğimiz dünya, bazı kıtaların birbirinden uzaklaşması sonucu on milyon yıl sonra, muhtemelen tamamen tanınmaz olacaktır.
A) As a result of continental drift, the world that we know will surely be completely unrecognizable ten million years from now.
B) It seems likely that ten million years from now the world, as we know it today, will be un-recognizable to drift away from each other.
C) Should the continents continue to drift away from each other, after ten million years the world will be quite unlike what it is today.
D) After ten million years, the world as we know it today will probably be completely unrecognizable as a result of some continents drifting away from each other.
E) Ten million years from now the world, as we know it today, could be quite unrecognizable if the continents continue to drift apart in this way.
Many houses have back doors that open into what some English-speakers call the backyard and ____ .
A) others the back garden
B) natural sunlight and to provide views of the outside
C) English-speaking people may call this building their 'home'
D) the term 'madhouse' refers disparagingly to a mental hospital
E) 'house' refers to the physical object