1. BOŞLUKTA GRAMER SORULARI (7-16)
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“The temperature of the atmosphere near the earth’s surface is warmed through a natural process called the greenhouse effect. Visible, shortwave light comes from the sun to the earth, passing unimpeded through a blanket of thermal, or
greenhouse, gases composed largely of water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Infrared radiation reflects off the planet’s surface toward space but does not easily pass through the thermal blanket. Some of it is trapped and reflected downward, keeping the planet at an average temperature suitable to life, about 16 centigrade. Growth industry, agriculture, and transportation since the Industrial Revolution has produced additional quantities of the natural greenhouse gases plus chloro-fluorocarbons and other gases, augmenting the thermal blanket and this has caused what we call global warming today.”
We can understand from the passage that
----.
A) the Industrial Revolution has helped global warming decline in order that people can lead a healthier life in their natural atmosphere
B) unless we had global warming, all the gases in the atmosphere of the earth would be released into the space and cause great destruction of life
C) owing to global warming, the temperature on earth can be kept at an average of about 16 centigrade
D) growth in industry, agriculture, and transportation has accelerated the purification of the atmosphere so as to get rid of air pollution
E) if it weren’t for the greenhouse effect, our planet would have an undesirable temperature
A) principal B) prospective
C) enthusiastic D) recent
E) remote
(I) Impressionist painters emphasize accuracy in the depiction of the changing quality of light. (II) They accentuate the element of time, light and movement to shape and determine human perception in their work. (III) Young painters used new techniques to paint outdoor scenes. (IV)Impressionist works also have unusual visual angles. (V) Impressionist techniques and tools include short and thick strokes of paint and complementary colors that yield dark tones.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Meals at “The round table” are undoubtedly the best in town and prices are reasonable.
A) Considering the prices, the quality of food at “The Round Table” is not satisfactory.
B) At “The Round Table” you get extremely good soup, but you certainly pay for it.
C) Prices have gone up at “The Round Table” but the quality of the food has gone up accordingly.
D) They don’t overcharge you at “The Round Table” and the food there is unrivalled in the town.
E) Considering, how much they charge, the food they serve at “The Round Table” is not as good as it ought to be.
With the exception of the cup of tea I had for breakfast, I haven’t had anything to drink since morning.
A) If we don’t count the cup of tea I had for breakfast, I haven’t had much to drink since morning.
B) Since the cup of tea I had for breakfast, I have had several other drinks.
C) I only had a cup of tea for breakfast, but had some coffee later.
D) The tea I drank in the morning was the only one I had today.
E) Except for the cup of tea for breakfast, I have drunk nothing else since morning.
Nutrient deficiencies lead to an array of diseases and health conditions, including dementia and death, explains Healthline. Vitamin deficiencies are associated with several deficiency diseases, underscoring the need to ensure sufficient vitamin intake. Mineral deficiencies are also associated with diseases, including goiter, rickets and anemia. A nutritional deficiency can be caused by intake of inadequate nutrients, or a defect in the body’s absorption mechanism.Goiter is characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland. Marasmus and kwashiorkor are symptoms of malnutrition in young children. Over 40 percent of the world’s population is anemic as a result of iron deficiencies, according to the World Health Organization. According to George Krucik, M.D., of Healthline, eating a healthy diet and taking approved dietary supplements help in alleviating deficiency diseases. Before taking any nutrient supplements to treat a deficiency disease, speaking with professional nutritionist or doctor is recommended.
1. The passage stresses that nearly half percent of the world’s population _____.
A) is not confined to the multiple sclerosis, diabetes
B) is suffering from anemia as a result of iron shortage
C) is not having hereditary diseases and health problems
D) is not having lack of sufficient dietary elements such as proteins
E) is suffering from severe symptoms through defective genes
The--- that terrorists use to move money from regions that finance them to their target country are often identical to those used by criminal gangs.
A) regulations B) laws
C) provisions D) methods
E) admissions
22.
A) credentials B) comments C) premises
D) subsidies E) amendments
The switches close the contacts and complete the____.
A) disturbance
B) denial
C) destination
D) support
E) circuit
As the government ---- what farmers should grow each year, crop prices ---- badly.
A) isn’t regulating / affect
B) doesn’t regulate / are affected
C) hasn’t regulated / have affected
D) regulates / will have affected
E) would be regulating / affected
The authorities must take a body of preventive measures in an area where a disease has been____.
A) developed
B) detained
C) devastated
D) destroyed
E) detected
---- in that a proportion of the profits that was supposed to go towards various charities and cultural institutions seems to be gone.
A) The newly signed agreement between three major oil companies was celebrated
B) Demographers have worked out what happened to population of modern industrial nation
C) Hence a distinctive economic arrangement may have been procrastinated
D) Alternatively such a decline in fertility before industrialization might be well encouraged
E) The National Lottery has come in for a lot of criticism since its introduction in 1995
The use of capital punishment has been a permanent fixture in society since the earliest civilizations and continues to be used as a form of punishment in countries today. It has been used for various crimes ranging from the desertion of soldiers during wartime to the more heinous crimes of serial killers. However, the mere fact that this brutal form of punishment and revenge has been the policy of many nations in the past does not subsequently warrant its implementation in today's society. The capital punishment is morally and socially unethical, should be construed as cruel and unusual punishment since it is both discriminatory and arbitrary, has no proof of acting as a deterrent, and risks the atrocious and unacceptable injustice of executing innocent people. In one respect it is a massacre. As long as capital punishment exists in our society it will continue to spark the injustice which it has failed to curb.
We can infer from the passage that ____.
A) there are incompatibilities between death penalty and execution
B) lack of justice has gone on continuously for a long time
C) death penalty was used only for some crimes
D) had there not been death penalty the rate of crimes would have increased
E) only real criminals have been judged
Differences in temperature caused by variations in the (17)---- of solar energy at different locations drive the circulation of the atmosphere. The warm surface (18)---- the equator heats the air with which it comes into contact, causing this air to expand and rise. (19)---- the warm air rises, it flows away from the equator, cools, and sinks again. (20)---- of it recirculates back to the same areas which it originally (21)----, but the remainder flows towards the poles, where eventually it is chilled. Similar upward movements of warm air and its subsequent flow towards the poles occur at higher altitudes.
17.
A) pattern B) severity C) influence
D) pressure E) amount
The success of the ___ in the bitterly global market will depend on its ability to keep costs low.
A) conformity
B) corporation
C) consumption
D) contamination
E) constraint
Why people continue to pollute the ocean with all forms of contamination from sewage to solid ---- such as plastic containers remains a mystery to environmentalists.
A) abilities
B) wastes
C) oaths
D) expectations
E) budgets
The United States will officially take 70,000 refugees in 2003. [22] ____ the number will be much lower as many thousands will be caught up in lengthy [23] ____ necessitated by post-September 11th security procedures. In 2002, for example, America [24] ____ only 30,000 refugees, the lowest number in 25 years. This is a remarkable [25] ____ of America’s traditional generosity [26] ____ the world’s displaced.
26. A) against
B) through
C) over
D) towards
E) beyond
By the time the ambulance ____ , the poor man ____ .
A) had arrived / would have already died
B) arrived / would have already died
C) arrived / had already died
D) arrives / has died
E) arrives / will die
Opinion polls _____ show that roughly two-thirds of the Australian people actually want a republic.
A) restrictedly
B) impressively
C) successively
D) intentionally
E) conclusively
For a hundred years or so, some critics ______ that poetry is dying, and all that time poets ______ poems that later generations recognise as great.
A) have maintained/have been writing
B) maintained /wrote
C) had maintained/were writing
D) maintain/are writing
E) would maintain/had been writing
Therapists have to be very careful before they make a diagnosis of delusional disorder. A great many complaints are founded on fact. It is possible that a patient is really being harassed at work, that her husband is deceiving her, or that her business partner is cheating her. Indeed, therapists must be careful not to mislabel facts as delusions, a trap known as 'the Martha Mitchell effect'. Martha Mitchell was the wife of former US attorney general John Mitchell. In October 1972, he was accused of having ordered the break in at the Democratic campaign headquarters in the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D. C. Mrs Mitchell repeatedly told the press that her husband was being made a scapegoat to protect the real culprit President Richard M. Nixon. The White House spread disinformation about Mrs Mitchell, saying she had a drinking problem and implying that her statements were delusional. When the scandal was ultimately unravelled, Mrs Mitchell's statements were proved true and she was shown to be utterly sane and with no drinking problem.
The passage draws attention to the fact that -----.
A) John Mitchell had indeed violated the law on several occasions
B) it can sometimes be difficult for therapists to distinguish between fact and delusion
C) President Nixon had never trusted his attorney general
D) Mrs Mitchell had always been subject to delusions
E) complaints always have a foundation in fact
One understands from the passage that the development of tree species that can resist
droughts ----.
A) is being carefully studied by government planners and scientists as an alternative solution
B) is a precaution that major lumber firms are taking against global warming
C) has been so costly that governments of temperate countries have given it up
D) is indispensable because, due to global warming, most forests will disappear in a few
decades
E) is important for countries where agricultural zones have been badly affected by global
warming
Compared with the United States after 9/11, India has reacted ---- the Mumbai attacks ---- restraint.
A) over / from B) for / in C) by / to
D) to / with E) at / over
Brazil has the Tenth largest economy ____ nominal GDP in the world as of 2015, and Seventh largest ____ purchasing power parity.
A) to / to
B) in / with
C) on / in
D) at / up
E) by / by
A Dutch study found that Occupational Therapy (OT) - training to do simple things around the house - improved the lives of people with dementia such as Alzheimer's disease, as well as the people who care for them. In the study, researchers at the University Medical Centre Nijmegen divided 135 seniors diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia into two groups. One group received OT, while the other did not. The scientists discovered that 75 percent of the patients who had the OT training showed improvement in motor skills, and 82 percent needed less assistance in day-to-day tasks. Similar improvement was seen in only 10 percent of those who did not get the training. In addition, nearly half the caretakers who received the OT felt more competent to do their duties.
1. The passage mainly tells us ..............
A) the effects of occupational therapy on people suffering from Alzheimer's disease
B) how we can benefit from daily chores
C) daily chores may harm people with Alzheimer’s disease
D) the history of occupational theory
E) why old people have Alzheimer’s disease
The ____ use of these phrases is to express the speaker's reaction to a statement.
A) central
B) casual
C) celestial
D) chief
E) chemical
Computers are now part of our everyday lives and there seems to be nothing out of the ordinary about them. However, the computers of the (17)______ are a different position. They are already beginning to sound (18) ______ science fiction. Supercomputers, many (19)______ more powerful than today's fastest machines, could be contained in a tiny drop of liquid. (20) ______ would not be built of silicon, (22) DNA, the stuff of life itself.
18.
A) according to B) along with
C) like D) close by
E) up to
There is an implication in the passage that ____.
A) malformation of the heart valves are only stenosed valves
B) valve disease can develop before birth
C) fatigue is not the real symptom of heart valve disorder
D) the cause of valve disease can be a childhood attack of rheumatic fever
E) sometimes the cause of valve disease is unknown
(I) The question of how fish breathe puzzled people for centuries. (II) Now, however, a team of chemists, physicists and mathematicians at Tokyo University have built two artificial gills, which imitate the breathing method used by fish. (III) They are also developing a lightweight version which could be worn on the back. (IV) They expect that the first model will be available for human trials within three years. (V) As water streams over them, the dissolved oxygen in it passes through to become a breathable gas.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
As scientific evidence ___ shows, second-hand smoking is a serious health hazard that can lead to disease in children and non-smoking adults.
A) unfairly
B) clearly
C) incompetently
D) unremarkably
E) hopefully
Human activity has destroyed ------ plant species that collective action is essential for the conservation of those that remain.
A) more
B) so many
C) many more
D) the most
E) as many
He worked as an _____to his father to learn the silversmith trade.
A) anxiety
B) absence
C) account
D) apprentice
E) ambition
A) defer
B) debate
C) dare
D) defeat
E) dash
E) deal
In the early twentieth century, the motor car was
one of the first major consumer products to be ---- mass produced ---- mass marketed.
A) such / as B) more / than
C) so / as D) as / as
E) both / and
The portrait, as it is known today, was born in the Renaissance. In fact, portraits (22) ---- before the Renaissance, of course: (23) ---- think of the Pharaohs with their colossal statues, or the busts of the Roman emperors, (24) ---- those figures seemed very (25) ----. Renaissance artists, by contrast, sought to create not just a likeness of their subjects, but also (26) ---- of their spirit.
23.
A) Just
B) Already
C) Always
D) Usually
E) Previously
Some economists claim this rise ____ prices would have been caused ____ inflation regardless even had the shift not been made.
A) of / in
B) on / in
C) in / by
D) by / with
E) during / to
If you ---- a few hours on writing your report yesterday morning, the boss ---- angry with you now.
A) had spent / wouldn’t be
B) spent / wasn’t
C) spend / won’t have been
D) can spend / wouldn’t have been
E) could spend / won’t be
The parent birds weary of family life by November and ___ the young owls away to establish hunting ranges of their own.
A) drop
B) drift
C) drive
D) divert
E) drill
The credit of the bank descends ___ father ____ son; this inherited wealth brings inherited refinement.
A) to / with
B) of / of
C) from / to
D) for / of
E) to / for
Unlike Europe's stone castles and cathedrals, America's historical buildings are often wood formed and so subject to ____ from moisture and insects.
A) damage
B) rebuke
C) deficiency
D) obsession
E) frustration