8. KARŞILIKLI KONUŞMA
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Pop music, perhaps due to its increasing commercialisation, is often criticized for being entertaining while lacking serious musical value and artistic significance. This is typically attributed by critics to record companies' financial gains being placed above artistic considerations, by hand-picking the artists and songs that will have a broad appeal and maximum profits. Sometimes, in the case of the British pop group Hear'Say, for example, young and fashionable people who have little or no prior knowledge of the music industry are transformed into a band that sells music and related merchandise to a preteen or teenage audience. A consequence of this increasingly common commercialisation is that genres which attain credibility as styles in their own right are often considered ‘independent’ instead of 'pop'. Those musicians, as well as their fans, sometimes strive to separate themselves from the commercial aspect of current pop music.
It is clearly stated in the passage that according to critics, pop music ----.
A) has a shortage of creativity and intellectual stimulation other kinds of music have
B) is a favourite among teens and college students
C) financially benefits record companies, not musicians
D) is carefully selected by radio stations to produce the maximum listening pleasure
E) has become so commercialised that fans won’t buy music anymore
The Romantic movement in the arts, inspired in part by the American and French revolutions, emerged towards the end of the eighteenth century.
A) Onsekizinci yüzyılın sonuna doğru ortaya çıkan Romantik akım, esas itibariyle Amerikan ve
Fransız devrimlerinden kaynaklanarak sanatta gelişmiştir.
B) Sanatta Romantik akım, kısmen Amerikan ve Fransız devrimlerinden esinlenmiş olup,
onsekizinci yüzyılın sonuna doğru ortaya çıkmıştır.
C) Romantik akımın sanatta ortaya çıkışı, Amerikan ve Fransız devrimlerinden güç alarak,
onsekizinci yüzyılın sonuna doğru olmuştur.
D) Sanatta oluşan Romantik akım, onsekizinci yüzyılın sonuna doğru ortaya çıkarak, tamamen
Amerikan ve Fransız devrimlerine dayanmıştır.
E) Bir bakıma Amerikan ve Fransız devrimlerine dayanan Romantik akım, onsekizinci yüzyılın
sonuna doğru öncelikle sanatta görülmüştür.
A) assumed B) studied
C) involved D) established
E) affirmed
(I) Brunch is a late morning meal between breakfast and lunch, as a replacement to both meals, usually eaten when one rises too late to eat breakfast, or as a specially-planned meal. (II) It is usually a more relaxed meal than breakfast or lunch. (III) The “dim sum” brunch is a popular light meal in Chinese restaurants world-wide. (IV) The term is a combination of the words breakfast and lunch. (V) While common in the USA, the term originated in 1896 as British student slang.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
(I) Freud had a passion for antiquities, stimulated by his
classical studies and his romantic longing for Rome.
(II) Freud, who actually founded the discipline of
psychoanalysis, had a lively appreciation of literature.
(III) The excellence of Freud’s own literary style was
recognized when he was still a schoolboy. (IV) In 1930,
he became the fourth recipient of the Goethe Prize for
literature awarded by the City of Frankfurt. (V) In Freud’s
collected works, there are more references to Goethe
and to Shakespeare than the writings of any
psychiatrist.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
21.
A) prior to
B) on
C) during
D) due to
E) while
(I) Devaluation of the Jamaican dollar made
Jamaican products more competitive on the world
market, and the country achieved record growth in
tourism and agriculture. (II)
Arawak Indians when
and named it St. Iago. (III) It remained under Spanish
rule until 1655, when it became a British possession.
(IV) In the following decades disease decimated the
Arawaks. (V) As a result, slaves were brought from
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
The portrait, as it is known today, was born in the Renaissance. In fact, portraits (22) ---- before the Renaissance, of course: (23) ---- think of the Pharaohs with their colossal statues, or the busts of the Roman emperors, (24) ---- those figures seemed very (25) ----. Renaissance artists, by contrast, sought to create not just a likeness of their subjects, but also (26) ---- of their spirit.
24.
A) whenever B) when C) but
D) while E) so far as
Edward:- Recently I’ve been reading
about the Gaia hypothesis. Although some scientists are reluctant to accept it, I am for it.
Tina: - Yes, I know there has been much debate recently on this hypothesis. But what is the hypothesis about exactly?
Edward: ---- -
Tina: - I see. Surely, planet Earth is alive in the sense that it is capable of self-maintenance.
A) As far as I am concerned, the hypothesis is not based on verifiable scientific evidence.
B) I am afraid I can’t explain it to you in detail, but it is something to do with the earth.
C) You should know about it better than I do because you have written a lot about it.
D) I can see you are one of the scientists who are strongly opposed to it.
E) Well, according to the Gaia hypothesis, Earth can be viewed as a single living organism.
In making discriminations within the revenue range all our home interests should ____ practicable be equally protected.
A) as if
B) despite
C) as far as
D) even before
E) such as
In general, the farther north one goes in England the more adequate are the roads for the traffic they have to carry. ______. But the roads in the south of England, apart from the motorways which radiate from London, must be among the most inadequate in Europe. Traffic there frequently moves at walking pace.
A) It is advisable to use the metro in London, for traffic jams make other forms of transport completely unreliable
B) Wales and Scotland, for instance, are well-catered for with great lengths of nearly empty dual carriage ways
C) The noise of the traffic has, in fact, increased very little recent years
D) Similarly, in London, traffic hardly moves faster now than it did a century ago when vehicles were horse-drawn
E) Several new schemes are now being considered to alleviate this condition
Items --- display in this museum were obtained --- mosques, Turkish baths, fountains and caravanserais dating back to the Ottoman period.
A) on / from B) in/by
C) for/out of D) within/of
E) with/at
Scientists who study Earth's moon have two big regrets about the six Apollo missions that landed a dozen astronauts on the lunar surface between 1969 and 1972. The biggest regret, of course, is that the missions ended so abruptly, with so much of the moon still unexplored. But researchers also lament that the great triumph of Apollo led to a popular misconception: because astronauts have visited the moon, there is no compelling reason to go back. In the 1990s, however, two probes that orbited the moon raised new questions about Earth's airless satellite. One stunning discovery was strong evidence of water ice in the perpetually shadowed areas near the moon's poles. Because scientists believe that comets deposited water and organic compounds on both Earth and its moon, well-preserved ice at the lunar poles could yield clues to the origins of life.
According to the passage, even though there were six Apollo missions to the moon roughly thirty years ago, —.
A) none of them could claim to be successful
B) man's knowledge of the moon has not increased at all
C) a very large proportion of the lunar surface remains to date unexamined
D) it was only the lunar poles that were explored fully
E) the idea of sending astronauts back to the moon seems even more far -fetched than formerly
She ____ at the cheating of her classmates.
A) connected
B) conferred
C) connived
D) confirmed
E) congratulated
29. ______ a distinction is made between white and coloured objects.
A) In most discussions of colour
B) Colours are termed neutral or achromatic colours
C) The perception of colour is a complex visual sensation
D) An understanding of the terms
E) Most paints, on the other hand, have body or pigment colours
1934'de imzalanmış olan on yıllık saldırmazlık antlaşmasına rağmen, Naziler Polonya'ya 1 Eylül 1939'da saldırdı.
A) Even if they had signed a ten-year nonaggression pact in 1934, the Nazis would still have marched into Poland on 1 September 1939.
B) Though they had signed a ten-year nonaggression pact in 1934, the Nazis still wanted to march into Poland on 1 September 1939.
C) The ten-year nonaggression pact signed in 1934 did not prevent the Nazis from invading Poland on 1 September 1939.
D) The Nazis would have invaded Poland on 1 September 1939 if it hadn't been for the ten-year nonaggression pact signed in 1934.
E) Despite a ten-year nonaggression pact signed in 1934, the Nazis attacked Poland on 1 September 1939.
Road safety is important, so that all drivers use roads safely and _____ to help keep themselves, passengers, motorists and pedestrians safe.
A) uselessly
B) cautiously
C) recklessly
D) ordinarily
E) sarcastically
A) documentary
B) dormant
C) doubtful
D) dominant
E) domestic
_____ since the recession, but not all states are still feeling the jobs crisis.
A) As the strikes and export rates had really crippled the industry
B) The national unemployment rate has remained stubbornly high
C) The extension of unemployment benefits is popular
D) People are not working as hard as their belief in the work
E) the export of manufactured goods has come to a standstill
The failure of the efforts of the collective bargaining was _____ the lack of interest on the part of the firm.
A) however B) in order to
C) due to D) because
E) despite
Gravity governs the motions of ___ bodies.
A) celestial
B) central
C) clever
D) chemical
E) cardinal
Peeling back both space and time, scientists using the Hubble Space Telescope have found that the strange force known as dark energy appears to have existed for at least the past two-thirds of the universe's history. Dark energy is a mysterious repulsive force that opposes gravity, causing the universe to expand. Albert Einstein posited that a form of the force existed nearly a century ago by, but it was not discovered until 1998. Scientists believe dark energy makes up about 70 percent of the substance of the universe. Also, scientists can measure the strength of dark energy by looking at distant galaxies for a type of exploding star known as a Type 1A supernova.
One point made in the passage that dark energy ..............
A) was discovered by Albert Einstein in 1998
B) is believed to have an important role in the history of the universe
C) is thought to have destroyed distant galaxies
D) travels faster than light
E) will be used in space explorations in the near future
Hardly had we spread the blankets on the ground when we heard the tramp of horses.
A) Before we laid the blankets, the tramp of horses disappeared.
B) We didn’t hear the horses’ coming near us until we started to spread the blankets.
C) As soon as we set the blankets on the ground, we heard horses’ tramp.
D) Before we heard the horses’ walking, we had already cleared the blankets.
E) We spread the blankets then listened to the tramp of horses.
He should have known better than to have left his son in charge of the factory if only for a week.
A) Though it was only for a week, it was foolish of him to make his son responsible for the running of the factory.
B) It was quite wrong of him to leave his son to run the factory for as long as a week.
C) It was foolish of the boy to imagine he could take his father's place in the factory for a week.
D) He must have known that he couldn't leave his son in charge of the factory for a whole week.
E) He was mistaken in thinking that his son was up to the responsibility of running the factory for a week.
A) Calvin Klein jeans which bear their creator’s name are sold all around the world.
B) Calvin Klein’s name is famous for the jeans but he is not interested in jeans trade.
C) Calvin Klein does lots of things for the jeans designs which bear his name.
D) Calvin Klein is not involved in the jean designs although they bear his name.
E) Calvin Klein jeans don’t bear their creator’s name.
Andy: What's your program for the weekend?
Barbara: _____
Andy: Really? But you never ever go to the cinema
Barbara: I know. But this film seems to be one that everyone must see.
A) I don't know. But I'd rather like too see a show.
B) All I've fixed so far is to go shopping with Jane.
C) I've not really fixed anything yet. But sometime I'm determined to see that film at the Capital.
D) I don't mind. Perhaps we could go and visit my parents.
E) It doesn't matter so long as I get a chance to relax.
No matter what the ___ are, we will abide by the terms of the contract.
A) choices
B) charts
C) circumstances
D) circulations
E) claims
You must ____ your tongue to distinguish good coffee from bad one.
A) duplicate
B) edit
C) ease
D) effect
E) educate
Turkish entrepreneurs and customers who will ____ the EU's economic life, rather than a “mob” that Europe will be unable to control.
A) announce
B) animate
C) misuse
D) enact
E) conduct
Mary : You're looking depressed. What's the matter?
Peter : ______
Marry : Well, it's only Wednesday today. It will be over by the weekend.
Peter : I certainly hope it will.
A) It's the weather! I was planning to go camping at the weekend and just look at the rain.
B) Nothing really. I was just wondering what I should do at the weekend.
C) I was just wishing it were Friday today.
D) No. I'm not feeling depressed. I have no reason to.
E) It looks as if I shall have to work overtime for the next month.
When you are figuring out room size, you are solving a geometry problem by figuring out the area. If your room is a square or a rectangle, the calculation is fairly simple; you only need two sides to calculate the area. However, it becomes more complicated if your room is not a standard square or rectangle. ____ Maybe your room is one large rectangle, one smaller rectangle and one triangle.
A) You need to arrive promptly with the proper clothes for the stay
B) A good thank-you note takes only a few minutes to write
C) You should keep your room clean and should never complain
D) If that's the case, you need to divide the room into shapes
E) You can do lots of recreational activities as well
---- that have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware, regardless of price.
A) Academic salaries are the largest budget item, lagging far behind inflation
B) The boom in technology has been an added burden, especially for research universities
C) The findings turned out to be fragments from Classical times
D) Institutes question whether elite colleges have any incentive to control their prices
E) A name-brand diploma is likely to remain an expensive one for students
Tom’s company is doing extremely well ---- the recession.
A) because
B) unless
C) despite
D) as
E) however
Bone tissue is _____ mostly of calcium and collagen, which is a protein.
A) broken down
B) made up
C) run out
D) taken after
E) turned up
(I) Businesses can have different ways of breaking up duties throughout the company. (II) Most often, different divisions are created that serve specific functions. (III) Organizational authority refers to the hierarchy in a company from top level management to entry level employees. (IV) When each department completes its function, the duties of the entire company are complete and everything runs smoothly. (V) Each division relies on the other divisions and reports to a division manager.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
19. A)composed B)escorted C)escorting D)accompanied E)presented
Not until he was told off by the person in charge had he changed the way he ____.
A) backed
B) behaved
C) banished
D) decreased
E) baffled
-----that Mars has experienced a striking diversity of processes throughout its history.
A) In fact nobody suggested
B) It is now apparent
C) The discussion is likely to continue
D) Majority opinions are not necessarily correct
E) The evidence they presented