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Train journeys will get ---- faster in the future ---- they are now, making flights to most destinations unnecessary.
A) as / as
B) more / than
C) too / to
D) so / that
E) much / than
We ___ that over 70% of this group ___ in the education sector as postdoctoral researchers
A) identify / is employed
B) have been identified / employ
C) have identified / are employed
D) identified / employing
E) were identified / being employed
Mr. Robinson : What’s happened to the “phone”? I’ve been trying to
get you all afternoon.
Mrs. Robinson : It is out of order.
Mr. Robinson : _____
Mrs. Robinson : I think all the lines in our neighbourhood are being
changed.
A) Are you sure?
B) Do you know why?
C) Since when?
D) When did that happen?
Nearly fifteen years after South Africa’s democratic overthrow of apartheid, the country is facing growing (17) ---- over the rise of “economic apartheid” and the way it (18) ---- millions of South Africans in the same,if not a worsening economic position than they endured prior to 1994. (19) ---- South African government statistics, the average black household has become 15% poorer over the last fourteen years, while an average white household has seen its wealth grow (20) ---- some 19%. There has been a 20% decrease in the income of the poorest 50% of South Africans, and black South Africans have lost (21) ---- two million jobs over the same period.
17.
A) interest B) demand
C) encouragement D) criticism
E) threat
Pasta was developed independently in a number of places around the globe. In (17) ---- of these places, locally available grain was the primary starch source in the diet. Before the invention of pasta, grains (18) ---- as a gruel or grain paste, or (19) ---- into flour and eaten as bread. Pasta noodles can be created even (20) ---- there is no oven, or not enough fuel to support an oven. (21) ----, bread requires a great investment in time and effort to accomplish.
21.
A) What is more
B) Unless
C) Although
D) In contrast
E) Whereas
Coffee is the most important agricultural export, while corn is the major crop grown for domestic _____.
A) redundancy
B) efficiency
C) suitability
D) consumption
E) conformity
The economic news from Europe was particularly disappointing in the second half of 2002. Moreover, recent surveys from the region imply little prospect of improvement in the near future. Perhaps the most worrying aspect has been the sharp decline in conditions in Germany - the area's largest and most important economy. Domestic demand in Germany is very weak and, with the global economy also struggling, Germany's manufacturers have not been able to export their way out of trouble as they have done in the past. With the economy in such a weak state, it is no surprise then that European stock markets have followed the US stock markets' downturn over the past 6 months. While individual share prices may be lower and market valuations look attractive, the economy does not. Recovery seems some way off and strong equity performance from Europe's markets seems unlikely in 2003.
The passage points out that Germany's current economic problems —.
A) have left the stock markets of Europe unaffected
B) have led to a worrying decline in the world economy
C) are far less serious than those of any other country in Europe
D) stem in part from a drop in domestic sales
E) are in fact not as alarming as they were once thought to be
62 . According to the passage, a patient recovering from Hepatitis A should ...............
A) do physical exercise every day
B) be kept in quarantine
C) drink as much water as he/she can
D) have fast food and a little wine
E) eat only vegetables and fruit
A) recovery
B) diagnosis
C) disease
D) patient
E) fury
Studies show that owing to the substance called lycopene, which is found in tomatoes abundantly, products made from tomatoes prevent prostate cancer.
A) Araştırmalar, domatesten yapılan ürünlerin prostatı önlemesinin nedeninin, bu sebzede bol miktarda likopen adlı maddenin bulunması olduğunu göstermektedir.
B) Araştırmalar, domateslerde bol miktarda bulunan likopen adlı maddenin, prostat kanserini önlediğini ortaya koymaktadır.
C) Araştırmalar, domateslerde bol miktarda bulunan likopen adlı maddeden dolayı domatesten yapılan ürünlerin prostat kanserini önlediğini göstermektedir.
D) Araştırmalar, domatesten elde edilen ürünlerde çok miktarda bulunan likopen adlı maddenin prostatı engellediğini ortaya koymaktadır.
E) Araştırmalar, prostatı engelleyen likopen adlı maddenin domatesten yapılan ürünlerde bol miktarda bulunduğunu göstermektedir.
Well before 11 September, people began to fear ------.
A) if they had achieved their political ends
B) that terrorists would start to use chemical, biological and nuclear weapons
C) so that Americans can confront the worst threats before they emerge
D) in case America will have to consider creating a domestic intelligence agency
E) when the United States toppled the regime that gave al-Qaeda its Afghan sanctuary
The design and construction of foundations are largely controlled by the contours or falls of the site and the type of subsoil. Site falls (22) ______ 1 in 20 usually require special methods of foundation construction. Gravel or chalk are good subsoils (23) ______ they do not hold moisture, and (24) ______ heavy loads. They are, (25) ______, economical and do not vary in bulk with the vagaries of the weather and temperature. Most rocks are eminently (26) ______ but usually expensive to work.
22.
A) replacing
B) completing
C) exceeding
D) reducing
E) surviving
Though diplomatic efforts to forestall the bombardment have been intensified, there is apparently no progress towards an agreement.
A) Every known means of diplomacy has been tried, but peace seems to recede and the expected attack to be quickly approaching.
B) Reconciliation remains a remote hope, for diplomatic channels apparently lack the necessary authority to check an attack.
C) In spite of diplomatic efforts to the contrary, the bombardment was a violent one and all hopes of an agreement were sheltered.
D) Though they are desperately in need of a truce, they can find no way to achieve one and now await the attack.
E) Reconciliation seems no nearer, even though a massive effort is being made to find a diplomatic solution and so avoid a bombardment.
They held a dinner party to mark the occasion of their fortieth wedding anniversary.
A) The dinner party they gave was to commemorate forty years of marriage.
B) They have been married for forty years and the dinner party is by way of celebration.
C) When they have been married for forty years they will give a dinner party to celebrate the fact.
D) At the dinner party, everyone congratulated them on forty years of marriage.
E) They have been married for forty years and a dinner party was held in their honour.
Almost 3,000 people were killed and twice ___ injured in the bloody battle of Antietam in 1862.
A) unlike
B) so that
C) so much
D) as many
E) more than
From the late 1960s to the early 1990s, the Internet was a communication and research tool used almost exclusively for academic and military purposes.
A) İnternet 1960’ların sonlarından 1990’ların başlarına kadar neredeyse sadece akademik ve askeri amaçlar için kullanılan bir iletişim ve araştırma aracıydı.
B) 1960’ların sonlarından 1990’ların başlarına kadar İnternet, iletişim ve araştırma yapmak amacıyla, akademisyenler ve askerler tarafından kullanıldı.
C) İnternet’in akademik ve askeri amaçlar ile kullanılmasına 1960’lı yıllarda başlanmış ve bu süreç 1990’lara kadar devam etmiştir.
D) 1960’lı yılların sonlarından 1990’lı yılların başlarına kadar akademik ve askeri amaçlarla kullanılan İnternet, bu tarihten sonra iletişim ve araştırma amaçlı olarak kullanılmıştır.
E) Akademik ve askeri bir amaçla geliştirilen İnternet, 1960’lı yılların sonlarından 1990’lı yılların başlarına kadar bir iletişim ve araştırma aracı olarak kullanılmıştır.
____, consumer-spending in France is strong, but could soon be weakened by rising unemployment.
A) Inevitably
B) Eventually
C) Recently
D) Conclusively
E) Currently
- You can't ___ special discount any more when you buy something from markets .
A) exploit
B) belong
C) perform
Pop music, perhaps due to its increasing commercialisation, is often criticized for being entertaining while lacking serious musical value and artistic significance. This is typically attributed by critics to record companies' financial gains being placed above artistic considerations, by hand-picking the artists and songs that will have a broad appeal and maximum profits. Sometimes, in the case of the British pop group Hear'Say, for example, young and fashionable people who have little or no prior knowledge of the music industry are transformed into a band that sells music and related merchandise to a preteen or teenage audience. A consequence of this increasingly common commercialisation is that genres which attain credibility as styles in their own right are often considered ‘independent’ instead of 'pop'. Those musicians, as well as their fans, sometimes strive to separate themselves from the commercial aspect of current pop music.
52. One can understand from the passage that ___.
A) all pop bands start without any experience in the music industry
B) musicians that consider themselves pop artists don’t take their music seriously
C) pop bands are often created by record companies and marketed to young audiences
D) with so many pop bands these days, one may be overwhelmed by the choices
E) Hear’Say is popular among all ages
After millions of years, the protostar becomes so dense that it ____, which results in a bipolar flow.
A) performs
B) imposes
C) marks
D) sets
E) collapses
When he moved from Ethiopia where he ---, to England, his experiences ---quite unlike those of his contemporaries at school.
A) had been born / were
B) is born / will be
C) would be born / would be
D) has been born / are
E) was born / will be
Amerikalı dilbilimci Noam Chomsky insan beyninin dili tanımak ve yeniden üretmek için özel olarak inşa edildiğini ve dili oluşturma ve anlama yeteneğinin her insanda doğuştan var olduğunu düşünmektedir.
A) American linguist Noam Chomsky thinks that the structure of the human brain facilitates the detection and reproduction of language and that the ability to form and understand language exists in all human beings since birth.
B) American linguist Noam Chomsky thinks that the human brain is especially constructed to detect and reproduce language and that the ability to form and understand language is innate to all human beings.
C) American linguist Noam Chomsky thinks that the human brain detects and reproduces language because of its structure and that every human being can form and understand language since birth.
D) American linguist Noam Chomsky assumes that the human brain has a special structure to detect and reproduce language and that the talent of forming and understanding language exists in all human beings since birth.
E) According to Noam Chomsky, an American linguist, the human brain has a framework which notices and reproduces language, and the ability to form and understand language is innate to all human beings.
In case of injustice, one needs to act ---- accordance ---- the law unless they want to appear equally guilty.
A) on / with
B) in / to
C) on / of
D) in / with
E) on / to
---- our computer system became too obsolete to meet our needs, we decided to replace it with a new one.
A) Although
B) In case
C) Much as
D) Seeing that
E) Whereas
A) principal B) prospective
C) enthusiastic D) recent
E) remote
____ all the trouble I had while trying to rescue her, Sue didn't even say thank you.
A) Unless
B) Despite
C) Once
D) After
E) Since
People with depression ought to remain ___ from society for a long time.
A) refrained
B) derived
C) prevented
D) expected
E) alienated
A) whose B) which
C) what D) thus
E) whether
The actress gave a very ___ acceptance speech.
A) elegant
B) eligible
C) emotional
D) efficient
E) elliptical
The Marshall Plan was not a simple program for transferring massive sums of money to struggling countries, but an explicit – and eventually successful – attempt to reindustrialize Europe.” say Erik Reinert and Ha-Joon Chang. It follows that if Africa really wants economic prosperity, it should study and draw valuable lessons from the Marshall Plan’s dark twin: the Morgenthau Plan implemented in Germany in 1945. Reinert tells the story best: When it was clear that the Allies would win the Second World War, the question of what to do with Germany, which in three decades had precipitated two World Wars, reared its head. Henry Morgenthau Jr, the US secretary of the treasury, formulated a plan to keep Germany from ever again threatening world peace. Germany, he argued, had to be entirely deindustrialized and turned into an agricultural nation. All industrial equipment was to be destroyed, and the mines were to be flooded. This program was approved by the Allies and was immediately implemented when Germany capitulated in 1945. However, it soon became clear that the Morgenthau Plan was causing serious economic problems in Germany: deindustrialization caused agricultural productivity to plummet. This was indeed an interesting experiment. The mechanisms of synergy between industry and agriculture worked in reverse: killing the industry reduced the productivity of the agricultural sector.
- Erik Reinert ve Ha-Joon Chang, Marshall Planı’nın hayat mücadelesi veren ülkelere yüksek miktarlarda para transfer etmek için geliştirilmiş basit bir program olmadığını, Avrupa’yı yeniden sanayileştirmeye yönelik başarıyla sonuçlanan açık bir girişim olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Afrika eğer gerçekten ekonomik refaha ulaşmak istiyorsa, çalışıp Marshall Planı’nın kara ikizinden, 1945’te Almanya’da uygulanan Morgenthau Planı’ndan, önemli dersler çıkarmalıdır. Hikâyeyi en iyi Reinert anlatmaktadır: Müttefiklerin İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nı kazanacakları kesinleştiğinde, son otuz yıl içerisinde iki dünya savaşını başlatan Almanya’yla ne yapılacağı sorusu ortaya çıkmıştır. Amerikan hazine sekreteri Henry Morgenthau Jr, Almanya’yı yeniden dünya barışını tehdit etmekten tamamen alıkoyacak bir plan hazırlamıştır. Ona göre, Alman sanayisi tamamen ortadan kaldırılmalı ve Almanya bir tarım ülkesi haline getirilmeliydi. Tüm endüstriyel ekipmanlar yok edilecek ve madenler su altında bırakılacaktı. Bu program Müttefikler tarafından onaylandı ve 1945’te Almanya teslim olduğunda hemen uygulanmaya başlandı. Ancak, sonradan Morgenthau Planı’nın Almanya’da ciddi ekonomik sıkıntılara yol açtığı görüldü: sanayinin yok edilmesi tarımsal verimliliğin düşmesine de neden oldu. Bu gerçekten çok ilginç bir deneydi. Sanayi ve tarım arasındaki sinerji mekanizmaları ters işlemişti: sanayinin yok edilmesi tarımsal sektörün verimliliğini de azaltmıştı.
31. ____ ,she has been married for much longer than she was single.
A) When my mother agreed to spend a life with my father
B) Although my sister will turn only 32 on the fifth of this May
C) Because Mrs Parker got married when she retired
D) By the time my grandmother celebrates her 70th birthday
E) Though Pauline can’t have been married for two years now
One way to help buskers avoid prosecution is to ----.
A) cancel their work permit
B) provide them with some inexpensive goods to sell
C) lump them together as vendors
D) confiscate their profits
E) invite them to perform at a certain place
30. ____ as a justifiable measure to protect the pieces from being faked.
A) It’s the curators who have to be blamed for the negligence in the museum
B) We needn’t pay any entrance fee on national holidays
C) Anyone could easily take the objects in the museum out
D) The museum has been able to attract more visitors this year
E) We were not allowed to take our cameras into the museum
Once the director ____ just how much was at stake, he ____ immediate steps to deal with the dispute.
A) realizes / will take
B) has realized / had taken
C) had realized / took
D) realized / takes
E) would realize / has taken
The so-called alternatives to oil are ---- derivatives of oil so without an abundant and reliable supply of oil, we have no way of scaling these alternatives to the degree necessary to power the modern world.
A) slowly B) thoughtlessly
C) actually D) fortunately
E) voluntarily
Householders should wage ___ war against insects with insecticide sprays.
A) contradictory
B) contagious
C) controversial
D) continual
E) coincidental
Birçok bakımdan, 1753'ün Londra'sı, bugün olduğu duruma oldukça benziyordu; büyük, gürültülü ve fazla kalabalık.
A) Actually, the London of 1753 was in many ways not unlike present-day London; it was big and noisy and terribly crowded.
B) In many ways, the London of 1753 was pretty similar to the way it is today; huge and noisy and overcrowded.
C) As regards the size, the noise and the overcrowding, the London of 1753 was no different from the London of today.
D) In fact, the London of 1753 resembled the London of today in many respects, especially as regards its size, noise and overcrowding.
E) From the point of view of size, noise and terrible overcrowding, London is now no different from what it was in 1753.
Flexography (also called surface printing), often abbreviated to flexo, is a method of printing most commonly used for packaging. A flexo print is achieved by creating a mirrored master of the required image as a 3D relief in a rubber or polymer material. A measured amount of ink is deposited upon the surface of the printing plate (or printing cylinder) using an anilox roll. The print surface then rotates, contacting the print material which transfers the ink. Flexo is so named because it was originally used as a method of printing onto corrugated cardboard which has a very uneven surface. It is required that the printing plate surface maintain contact with the cardboard, which it does by being flexible. Also unprinted high points on the cardboard must not get printed by ink remnants not on the plate surface, which is achieved by ensuring a sufficient depth for the non-print areas of the plate. Originally flexo printing was very low quality. In the last 3 decades great advances have been made, including improvements to the plate material and the method of plate creation—usually photographic exposure followed by chemical etch, though also by direct laser engraving. Laser-etched anilox rolls also play a part in the improvement of print quality.
2. In the passage, it is stated that ..............
A) you cannot make a flexo print unless you copy the required image a 3D relief in a rubber or polymer material
B) an anilox roll is a method of printing used four decades ago
C) a large amount of money is required for surface printing
D) three types of ink are used in surface printing
E) rubber material plays a much more important role than polymer material in surface printing
The governments make sure some of the earnings that people make go to social security institutions ---- they can receive pension in their old age.
A) lest
B) in order to
C) in case
D) so as to
E) so that